Studies of sebum. 7. The composition of the sebum of some common rodents

Wheatley, Victor R.; James, A. T.

doi:10.1042/bj0650036

Cited by 64 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The composition of sebum was found to be a unique property of the species. Differences between commonly used laboratory animals in terms of molecular identities and proportions of sebum components have been reported by Wheatley and James as well as remarkable differences between animals and man (Wheatley and James 1957). For instance, squalene that is present in human sebum up to 12% was reported to be missing in sebum of rodents (Wheatley and James 1957, Cheng and Russell 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Differences between commonly used laboratory animals in terms of molecular identities and proportions of sebum components have been reported by Wheatley and James as well as remarkable differences between animals and man (Wheatley and James 1957). For instance, squalene that is present in human sebum up to 12% was reported to be missing in sebum of rodents (Wheatley and James 1957, Cheng and Russell 2004b). Sebum appears to be a matrix of first choice for radiation biodosimetry as a mass screening tool because of the ease of non-invasive and rapid collection using swabs soaked with an organic solvent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Total acetone washings were then reduced to dryness in a rotary evaporator (Büchi Labortechnik AG, Flawil, Switzerland) under a light vacuum and at a maximum temperature of 40°C. The process described followed a published method (Wheatley and James 1957). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) is the analytical technique of choice for the separation and determination of fatty acids (Eder 1995, Christie 2003). Some of the earliest applications of gas-liquid chromatography, the forerunner of modern GCMS, were studies on human (Mackenna et al 1950, 1951, 1952, 1955, Boughton et al 1955, 1957, 1959, James and Wheatley 1956, Boughton and Wheatley 1959) and animal (Wheatley 1953, Wheatley and James 1957) sebum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The production and composition of rat sebum is unaffected by 3 Gy gamma radiation

Lanz

Ledermann

Slavík

et al. 2010

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Purpose The aim of this work was to use metabolomics to evaluate sebum as a source of biomarkers for gamma-radiation exposure in the rat, and potentially in man. Proof of concept of radiation metabolomics was previously demonstrated in both mouse and rat urine, from the radiation dose- and time-dependent excretion of a set of urinary biomarkers. Materials and methods Rats were gamma-irradiated (3 Gy) or sham irradiated and groups of rats were euthanised at 1 h or 24 h post-irradiation. Sebum was collected by multiple washings of the carcasses with acetone. Nonpolar lipids were extracted, methylated, separated and quantitated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Metabolomic analysis of the GCMS data was performed using both orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis and random forests machine learning algorithm. Results Irradiation did not alter sebum production. A total of 35 lipids were identified in rat sebum, 29 fatty acids, five fatty aldehydes, and cholesterol. Metabolomics showed that three fatty acids, palmitic, 2-hydroxypalmitic, and stearic acids were potential biomarkers. Sebaceous palmitic acid was marginally statistically significantly elevated (7.5–8.4%) at 24 h post-irradiation. Conclusions Rat sebaceous gland appears refractory to 3 Gy gamma-irradiation. Unfortunately, collection of sebum shortly after gamma-irradiation is unlikely to form the basis of high-throughput non-invasive radiation biodosimetry in man.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The production and composition of rat sebum is unaffected by 3 Gy gamma radiation

Lanz

Ledermann

Slavík

et al. 2010

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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“…Dermatologic studies investigated the chemical composition of palmar sweat and sebum [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], allowing the identification of main components of fingerprint residues in early years [15,16]. For typical compounds, such as fatty acids, triglycerides, and wax esters, condensation, evaporation, oxidation, racemization, absorption, and adsorption were reported as possible aging processes [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid Structure and Degradation Analysis in Fingerprint Residues

Pleik

Spengler

Schäfer

et al. 2016

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Abstract. GC-MS investigations were carried out to elucidate the aging behavior of unsaturated fatty acids in fingerprint residues and to identify their degradation products in aged samples. For this purpose, a new sample preparation technique for fingerprint residues was developed that allows producing N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) derivatives of the analyzed unsaturated fatty acids and their degradation products. MSTFA derivatization catalyzed by iodotrimethylsilane enables the reliable identification of aldehydes and oxoacids as characteristic MSTFA derivatives in GCMS. The obtained results elucidate the degradation pathway of unsaturated fatty acids. Our study of aged fingerprint residues reveals that decanal is the main degradation product of the observed unsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, oxoacids with different chain lengths are detected as specific degradation products of the unsaturated fatty acids. The detection of the degradation products and their chain length is a simple and effective method to determine the double bond position in unsaturated compounds. We can show that the hexadecenoic and octadecenoic acids found in fingerprint residues are not the pervasive fatty acids Δ9-hexadecenoic (palmitoleic acid) and Δ9-octadecenoic (oleic acid) acid but Δ6-hexadecenoic acid (sapienic acid) and Δ8-octadecenoic acid. The present study focuses on the structure identification of human sebum-specific unsaturated fatty acids in fingerprint residues based on the identification of their degradation products. These results are discussed for further investigations and method developments for age determination of fingerprints, which is still a tremendous challenge because of several factors affecting the aging behavior of individual compounds in fingerprints.

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Sebaceous Lipid Profiling of Bat Integumentary Tissues: Quantitative Analysis of Free Fatty Acids, Monoacylglycerides, Squalene, and Sterols

Pannkuk

Gilmore

Fuller

et al. 2013

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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White-nose syndrome (WNS) is a fungal disease caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans and is devastating North American bat populations. Sebaceous lipids secreted from host integumentary tissues are implicated in the initial attachment and recognition of host tissues by pathogenic fungi. We are interested in determining if ratios of lipid classes in sebum can be used as biomarkers to diagnose severity of fungal infection in bats. To first establish lipid compositions in bats, we isolated secreted and integral lipid fractions from the hair and wing tissues of three species: big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), Eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis), and evening bats (Nycticeius humeralis). Sterols, FFAs, MAGs, and squalene were derivatized as trimethylsilyl esters, separated by gas chromatography, and identified by mass spectrometry. Ratios of sterol to squalene in different tissues were determined, and cholesterol as a disease biomarker was assessed. Free sterol was the dominant lipid class of bat integument. Squalene/sterol ratio is highest in wing sebum. Secreted wing lipid contained higher proportions of saturated FFAs and MAGs than integral wing or secreted hair lipid. These compounds are targets for investigating responses of P. destructans to specific host lipid compounds and as biomarkers to diagnose WNS.

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Studies of sebum. 7. The composition of the sebum of some common rodents

Cited by 64 publications

References 10 publications

The production and composition of rat sebum is unaffected by 3 Gy gamma radiation

The production and composition of rat sebum is unaffected by 3 Gy gamma radiation

Fatty Acid Structure and Degradation Analysis in Fingerprint Residues

Sebaceous Lipid Profiling of Bat Integumentary Tissues: Quantitative Analysis of Free Fatty Acids, Monoacylglycerides, Squalene, and Sterols

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