Studies of silica in the oat plant

Jones, L. H. P.; Milne, A. A.

doi:10.1007/bf01347875

Cited by 142 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…If all dry farming crops have a similar PhytOC accumulation rate as millets, this would lead to 2.37 × 10 6 t CO 2 being sequestered per year. Although phytoliths can occlude some organic carbon [58], the significant contribution of PhytOC to the carbon cycle has been ignored during the last half-century. Fully understanding the mechanisms of how Phytoliths occlude carbon and the PhytOC content in different plants would enable us to accurately estimate global phytolith accumulation rate.…”

Section: Carbon Sequestrated By Phytoc Of Milletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon sequestration within millet phytoliths from dry-farming of crops in China

Zuo

Lü

2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Phytoliths are noncrystalline minerals that form inside cells and cell walls of different parts of plants. Organic carbon in living cells can be occluded in phytoliths during plant growth. It has been documented that the occluded carbon within phytoliths is an important long-term terrestrial carbon reservoir that has a major role in the global carbon cycle. Common millet and foxtail millet have become typical dry-farming crops in China since the Neolithic Age. The study of carbon conservation within phytoliths in these crops could provide insights into anthropogenic influences on the carbon cycle. In this study, we analyzed the carbon content in phytoliths of common millet and foxtail millet. The results indicated that (1) common millet and foxtail millet contained 0.136% ± 0.070% and 0.129% ± 0.085% phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) on a dry mass basis, respectively; (2) based on the mean annual production of common millet and foxtail millet in the last 10 years, the phytolith occluded carbon accumulation rate of common millet and foxtail millet was approximately 0.023 ± 0.015 and 0.020 ± 0.010 t CO 2 ha 1 a 1 , respectively; (3) assuming a similar phytolith occluded carbon accumulation rate as for common millet (the highest accumulation rate was 0.038 t CO 2 ha 1 a 1 ), this could result in the sequestration of 2.37 × 10 6 t CO 2 per year for the 62.4 × 10 6 ha dry-farming crops in China. Although there was a decline in the annual production rate and planting area of foxtail millet during 1949 to 2008, the total phytolith carbon sequestration rate was 7×10 6 t CO 2 within the 60-year period. However, phytolith occluded carbon has not yet been fully considered as a global carbon sink. Also, this carbon fraction is probably one of the best candidates for the missing carbon sink.phytoliths, carbon sequestration, dry-farming, phytolith occluded carbon, PhytOC Citation: Zuo X X, Lü H Y. Carbon sequestration within millet phytoliths from dry-farming of crops in China.

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Section: Carbon Sequestrated By Phytoc Of Milletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon sequestration within millet phytoliths from dry-farming of crops in China

Zuo

Lü

2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…The cell wall deposits of silica often replicate the morphology of the living cells, while those forming in the lumen do not. Such silicification results in the occlusion of carbon within phytoliths (Jones and Milne, 1963). Wilding et al (1967) considered that the occluded carbon in any phytolith was most likely the original cytoplasmic organic constituents within the plant cell around which in vivo silicification had taken place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wilding et al (1967) considered that the occluded carbon in any phytolith was most likely the original cytoplasmic organic constituents within the plant cell around which in vivo silicification had taken place. The organic carbon content of phytoliths can be considerable: for example, the carbon content in phytoliths extracted from oats was from 5.0 to 5.8% (Jones and Milne, 1963) and Wilding et al (1967) determined the average occluded carbon content of 20-50 mm sized phytoliths extracted from a soil in Ohio to be 2.40%. The carbon occluded in phytoliths is highly resistant to oxidation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon sequestration in phytoliths

Parr

Sullivan

2005

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

286

243

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“…Lewin (1961) and Jones and Handreck (1963) have found evidence that Fe and A1 are chemisorbed to opaline ,surfaces, thereby retarding subsequent silica dissolution. Further, it has been shown that opaline constituents undergo partial or full conversion to chalcedony upon aging in soils and geologic sediments (Beavers and Stephen, 1958;Yarilova, 1952;Mizutani, 1967) 9 Several workers have presented X-ray evidence of cristobalite, trydimite, or quartz in opaline isolates of vegetative tissues but generally attributed 295 such crystalline phases to artifacts produced by dryashing isolation procedures (Lanning et al, 1958;Jones and Milne, 1963;Arimura and Kanno, 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Forest Opal and Associated Crystalline Phases to Fine Silt and Clay Fractions of Soils

Wilding

Drees

1974

Clays and clay miner.

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AND AbstractThe scanning electron microscope (SEM') is useful in the identification of biogenic opal 9 Opaline spheres, cups, and scrolled or convoluted sheets were identified in both soil and vegetative isolates. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that both alpha quartz and cristobalite were co-associated with the amorphous opaline phase synthesized during life metabolism of deciduous tree leaves. Such crystalline phases were most abundant in the 2-5/zm fraction and many consist of anitsotropic rods with parallel extinction or equidimensional bodies with aggregate e~tinction. Between 2/3 and 3/4 of the total opal isolate from deciduous tree leaves was solubilized when digested for 2.5-min ir~ boiling 0.5 N NaOH. Rate of dissolution was a function of particle-size and tree species. Biogenic opal of forest origin was about 10-15 times more soluble than grass opal, which probably reflects the higher specific surface of the former.

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Studies of silica in the oat plant

Cited by 142 publications

References 12 publications

Carbon sequestration within millet phytoliths from dry-farming of crops in China

Carbon sequestration within millet phytoliths from dry-farming of crops in China

Soil carbon sequestration in phytoliths

Contributions of Forest Opal and Associated Crystalline Phases to Fine Silt and Clay Fractions of Soils

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