Studies of the Chick Edema Disease

Flick, D. F.; O'Dell, R. G.

doi:10.3382/ps.0471886

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…It was proposed that the mechanism of action of edema formation by the toxic factor was through a decreased synthesis of albumin by the liver, which caused a decrease in serum albumin and thereby reduced the osmotic pressure of the blood. Support for this mechanism comes from an experiment to counteract the edema through administration of the oral diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide, which caused a relative increase in circulating serum albumins (Flick and O'Dell, 1968). Allen (1964) found evidence for microscopic changes in the "cement substance" between the endothelial cells of the mesenteric capillaries of chicks fed toxic fat leading to increased permeability of the vessels caused by hypoxia and resulting from cardiac decompensation.…”

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Great lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish‐eating birds: Similarity to chick‐edema disease

Gilbertson¹,

Kubiak

Ludwig³

et al. 1991

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

342

150

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Several species of colonial fish-eating birds nesting in the Great Lakes basin, including herring gulls, common terns and double-crested cormorants, have exhibited chronic impairment of reproduction. In addition to eggshell thinning caused by high levels of DDT and metabolites, the reproductive impairment is characterized by high embryonic and chick mortality, edema, growth retardation, and deformities, hence the name Great Lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS). The hypothesis has been advanced that GLEMEDS in colonial fish-eating birds resembles chick-edema disease of poultry and has been caused by exposure to chick-edema active compounds that have a common mode of action through the cytochrome P-448 system. Detailed evidence has been collected from the following three groups of studies on herring gulls in the lower Great Lakes during the early 1970s; Forster's terns in Green Bay, Wisconsin in 1983; and double-crested cormorants and Caspian terns in various locations in the upper Great Lakes from 1986 onwards. It has proved difficult to establish not only the onset of the disease in the various species at various locations but also the period in which chick-edema active compounds were released. Anecdotal evidence suggested that serious egg mortality in Lake Ontario herring gulls first occurred in 1966, through the signs of chick-edema disease were not looked for until 1974. Only indirect evidence is available on the date of the release of one of the presumed causal agents, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, but highest levels may have occurred in the early to mid 1960s. More reliable data show that the onset of the improvement of reproduction of Lake Ontario herring gulls coincided with the declines in organochlorine compounds and particularly 2,3,7,8-TCDD and PCB. Similarly, information on the onset of the disease and exposures in the Forster's tern and double-crested cormorants in Green Bay is uncertain but bird banders did not observe deformities until the 1970s, which corresponds with the onset of high levels of PCB. If the disappearance of the Caspian tern from Saginaw Bay in the mid 1960s corresponds with the onset of GLEMEDS at that location, then there is a close temporal relationship to the onset of high PCB levels. Chick-edema disease is difficult to diagnose because there is no specific lesion, but rather there is a suite of lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Great lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish‐eating birds: Similarity to chick‐edema disease

Gilbertson¹,

Kubiak

Ludwig³

et al. 1991

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

342

150

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Studies of the Chick Edema Disease

1972

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Axiological Foundations of Russian Civilization: The Concept of ‘Sovereignty’ in the Ideological and Political Discourse of the 19th Century

SOROKOPUDOVA

2024

Moscow University Bulletin. Series 12. Political Science

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The article analyzes the concept of “sovereignty” as a value category in the socio-political discourse of the 19th century. The modern understanding of sovereignty in the 19th century corresponds to the concepts of “independence”, “autocracy”, “originality”, etc. Nine major semantic blocks have been identified, which reflect various aspects and nuances of the conceptual understanding of sovereignty in Russia in the 19th century. The analysis of the sources was carried out on the basis of the search base of the National Corpus of the Russian Language, while in total more than 4600 texts created in 1801-1900 were studied. As a result of content analysis and political-textual analysis of more than 4,600 texts created in 1801-1900, it was found that for Russian intellectual thought of the 19th century ideas about independence, identity, freedom, harmony, security, cultural and economic independence, autocracy and Orthodoxy constitute an ideological and value complex directly related to ideas about state sovereignty.

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Studies of the Chick Edema Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Great lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish‐eating birds: Similarity to chick‐edema disease

Great lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish‐eating birds: Similarity to chick‐edema disease

Studies of the Chick Edema Disease

Axiological Foundations of Russian Civilization: The Concept of ‘Sovereignty’ in the Ideological and Political Discourse of the 19th Century

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