Studies of the compositions of Pd(II) hydrolysis products

The hydrolysis and precipitation of Pd(II) in 0.6molkg−1 NaCl: A potentiometric, spectrophotometric, and EXAFS study

“…Previous TEM, NMR and SAXS work by Troitskii et al (1993Troitskii et al ( , 1995Troitskii et al ( , 1996 in fact provided strong evidence for the formation of nano-size (15-40 Å ) hydrolysed palladium particles in aqueous solutions, as it will be discussed further in the following sections.…”

“…at pH > 8 in the millimolal palladium experiments, or in the precipitation experiments of Wood et al (1994)), the possibility that nanosized polymeric aggregates and of polynuclear units present in low concentrations remained in the filtrate must be considered as a strong possibility. In fact, the combined evidence of SAXS, TEM, EXAFS, NMR and XRD studies of Troitskii et al (1993Troitskii et al ( , 1995Troitskii et al ( , 1996 and the of TEM and XRD study of Table 2.…”

“…This is attributed to an axial O in the solid which is somehow suppressed in the presence of chloride. It could be possible that chloride affects the coiling pattern of the [Pd(OH) 1.72 Cl 0.28 ] n chains previously described by Troitskii et al (1993), Troitskii et al (1995Troitskii et al ( , 1996, an issue that warrants further investigation. The Pd-Cl distance in the Pd(OH) 1.73 Cl 0.27 solid of 2.185 Å is 0.2-0.3 Å shorter than those of monomeric Pd(II)-chloride species measured in aqueous solutions (Valle and Ettorre, 1994;Hellquist et al, 1996;Caminiti et al, 1996Caminiti et al, , 1998 and calculated in the gas phase (Table 2; Bray et al, 1996;Deeth and Elding, 1996;Boily and Seward, 2005).…”

“…Partially hydrolyzed Pd(II) species can crosslink and form larger polymeric/polynuclear units that are stable as coiled [Pd(OH) 2 ] n chains of about 20 Å in diameter (Troitskii et al, 1993(Troitskii et al, , 1995(Troitskii et al, , 1996. Evidence for such particles was provided by Transmission Electron 0016-7037/$ -see front matter Published by Elsevier Ltd.…”

“…Palladium(II) is one of the most hydrolysable metal ions (Baes and Mesmer, 1976) and its hydrolysis products have consequently been studied under a variety of conditions (Wyatt, 1966;Izatt et al, 1967;Kazakova and Ptitsyn, 1967;Nabivanets and Kalabina, 1970;Rund, 1970;Milić and Bugarčić, 1984;Mountain and Wood, 1988;Kump and Byrne, 1989;Wood et al, 1989Wood et al, , 1992Wood, 1991;Byrne and Kump, 1993;Tait and Janecky, 1993;Tait et al, 1991;Troitskii et al, 1993Troitskii et al, , 1995Troitskii et al, , 1996Dressick et al, 1994;Didillon et al, 1998;van Middlesworth and Wood, 1999;Byrne and Yao, 2000;Cosden and Byrne, 2003). Partially hydrolyzed Pd(II) species can crosslink and form larger polymeric/polynuclear units that are stable as coiled [Pd(OH) 2 ] n chains of about 20 Å in diameter (Troitskii et al, 1993(Troitskii et al, , 1995(Troitskii et al, , 1996.…”