Studies of the Core Conditions of the Earth and Super-Earths Using Intense Ion Beams at FAIR

Tahir, N. A.; Ломоносов, И. В.; Borm, B.; Piriz, A. R.; Shutov, A.; Neumayer, P.; Bagnoud, V.; Piriz, S. A.

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aa813e

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The number of photons per pulse N is (12) and is equivalent to ∼10 12 for the peak energy per pulse (3.5 mJ) and x-ray energy (25 keV) simulated here, which are close to the facility maxima (Table I). In our models we specify E pulse (Eq.…”

Section: Please Cite This Article Assupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Such practical challenges of using radiation heating to study equilibrium warm dense matter in the laboratory often complicate the experimental study of equilibrium extreme systems common in nature and technology. Other methods of irradiative volumetric energy deposition providing access to similar states of matter have similar limitations, include intense proton 4,11 , heavy ion 12 , and electron 8 beams. Dynamic compression, the driving of compression (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One strategy to extend the lifetime of an irradiation-driven warm dense state is to provide a tamper material around samples through which energy may be deposited and which delay, prevent, or otherwise control expansion [10][11][12][23][24][25] , such as by extending the time it takes pressure release waves and cracks to propagate through the heated target. This tamping approach can even confine the heated region entirely, enabling recovery of high density samples quenched from conditions that would normally lead to vaporization 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermomechanical response of thickly tamped targets and diamond anvil cells under pulsed hard x-ray irradiation

Meza-Galvez

Pérez

Marshall

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Physics

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In the laboratory study of extreme conditions of temperature and density, the exposure of matter to high intensity radiation sources has been of central importance. Here we interrogate the performance of multi-layered targets in experiments involving high intensity, hard x-ray irradiation, motivated by the advent of extremely high brightness hard x-ray sources, such as free electron lasers and 4 th-generation synchrotron facilities. Intense hard x-ray beams can deliver significant energy in targets having thick x-ray transparent layers (tampers) around samples of interest, for the study of novel states of matter and materials' dynamics. Heated-state lifetimes in such targets can approach the microsecond level, regardless of radiation pulse duration, enabling the exploration of conditions of local thermal and thermodynamic equilibrium at extreme temperature in solid density matter. The thermal and mechanical response of such thick layered targets following x-ray heating, including hydrodynamic relaxation and heat flow on picosecond to millisecond timescales, is modeled using radiation hydrocode simulation, finite element analysis, and thermodynamic calculations. Assessing the potential for target survival over one or more exposures, and resistance to damage arising from heating and resulting mechanical stresses, this study doubles as an investigation into the performance of diamond-anvil high pressure cells under high x-ray fluences. Long used in conjunction with synchrotron x-ray radiation and high power optical lasers, the strong confinement afforded by such cells suggests novel applications at emerging high intensity x-ray facilities and new routes to studying thermodynamic equilibrium states of warm, very dense matter.

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Section: Please Cite This Article Assupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermomechanical response of thickly tamped targets and diamond anvil cells under pulsed hard x-ray irradiation

Meza-Galvez

Pérez

Marshall

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…We have shown in Ref. [] that intense laser‐driven hard X‐ray radiography along the cylinder axis can be used to measure the line density along the length of the sample. Simulations have shown that the implosion is quasi‐one‐dimensional.…”

Section: Discussion Of Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of intense ion beams to planetary physics research at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research facility

Tahir

Shutov

Piriz

et al. 2019

Contributions to Plasma Physics

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This paper presents detailed 2D hydrodynamic simulations of implosion of a multi‐layered cylindrical target that is driven by an intense uranium beam. The target is comprised of a thick, high‐Z, high‐ρ cylindrical shell that encloses a sample material (Fe in the present case). Two options have been used for the focal spot geometry: an annular form and a circular form. The purpose of this work is to show that an intense heavy‐ion beam can induce the extreme physical conditions in the sample material similar to those that exist in the planetary cores. In this study, we use parameters of the beam that will be generated at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR), Darmstadt, in a few years' time. Production of these high‐energy‐density (HED) samples will allow us to study planetary physics in the laboratory. It is to be noted that planetary physics research is an important part of the FAIR HED physics program. A dedicated experiment named LAboratory PLAnetary Sciences (LAPLAS) has been proposed for this purpose. These simulations show that in such experiments an Fe sample can be imploded to the Earth's core conditions and to those in more massive rocky planets called Super‐Earths. Similarly, implosion of hydrogen and water samples will generate the core conditions of solar and extrasolar hydrogen‐rich gas giants and water‐rich icy planets, respectively. The LAPLAS experiments will thus provide very valuable information on the equation of state and transport properties of matter under extreme physical conditions, which will help scientists understand the structure and evolution of the planets in our solar system as well as of the extrasolar planets.

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“…This makes it practically challenging to use isochoric heating to study equilibrium warm dense matter, as needed to accurately simulate the true conditions of many high energy density systems in nature and technology. Other often-used methods of irradiative volume or bulk energy deposition providing access to similar states of matter include intense proton 2,8 , heavy ion 9 , and electron 5 beams or other modes of fast electron deposition 3,10,11 . Dynamic compression, the driving of compression waves travelling at near sound velocities (∼1-10 µm/ns), is a somewhat slower form of volumetric energy delivery, while diffusive (as opposed to ballistic) heat conduction is even slower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermomechanical response of thickly tamped targets and diamond anvil cells under pulsed hard x-ray irradiation

Meza-Galvez,

Gomez-Perez,

Marshall

et al. 2018

Preprint

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In the laboratory study of extreme conditions of pressure, temperature, and timescale, the irradiation of matter by high intensity sources has been of central importance.Here we investigate the performance of layered targets in experiments involving very high intensity hard x-ray irradiation, motivated by the advent of extremely high brightness x-ray sources such as free electron lasers. These sources enable massive (µm to mm) scale targets with confinement of the directly irradiated regions by thick, x-ray transparent tampers. The thermal and mechanical response of these layers, from femtosecond-picosecond energy delivery, to mechanical relaxation on nanosecond timescales and heat flow and dissipation on microseconds, is controlled by the differential energy deposition, shock and release wave production, and thermal transport properties. Sample survival over one or more exposures can depend on damage arising from heating or mechanical stresses induced by heating, depending on the materials used and target geometry. This study also doubles as an investigation into the properties of diamond anvil high pressure cells, long used in conjunction with x-ray synchrotron sources, at new high intensity x-ray beamlines at free electron lasers and upgraded synchrotrons. Configuring a tamped target as a high pressure cell confers certain advantages, such as resistance to expansion and thermal stresses, and sample confinement, in conjunction with efficient control of heat. This study suggests new routes to studying thermodynamic equilibrium states of high energy density matter via the capacity to confine extreme states for particularly long durations.

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Studies of the Core Conditions of the Earth and Super-Earths Using Intense Ion Beams at FAIR

Cited by 31 publications

References 53 publications

Thermomechanical response of thickly tamped targets and diamond anvil cells under pulsed hard x-ray irradiation

Thermomechanical response of thickly tamped targets and diamond anvil cells under pulsed hard x-ray irradiation

Application of intense ion beams to planetary physics research at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research facility

Thermomechanical response of thickly tamped targets and diamond anvil cells under pulsed hard x-ray irradiation

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