Studies of the deposition of CaCO3 on a stainless steel surface by a novel electrochemical technique

Morizot, A.P.; Neville, Anne; Hodgkiess, T.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0248(98)01035-5

“…the mechanism of scale deposition on the surface in the downhole region would be different from that on ground level components due to (a) the difference in water composition and saturation ratio between these two regions, and (b) the formation of crystals and particles in the brine solution while being transported to the ground level valves and pipe components. In so many studies (Wang, Neville and Meredith 2005;Cheong et al 2008;Quddus 2002;Quddus and Al-Hadhrami 2009;Quddus and Allam 2000;Morizot, Neville and Hodgkiess 1999;Neville and Morizot 2000), the hydrodynamic effects on the process of scale formation on the surface have been surveyed as one mechanism referred to as "deposition" on the surface. In the presented work, the scale deposits on the surface are divided into two mechanisms: a "deposition process" which refers to the process of heterogeneous nucleation and growth at the asperities of the surface and an "adhesion process" which refers to the sticking of pre-existing crystals which have nucleated in the bulk solution and which build up as a layer on the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface inorganic scale formation in oil and gas industry: As adhesion and deposition processes

Vazirian

¹

,

Charpentier

²

,

Penna

³

et al. 2016

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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Scale formation on surfaces can normally be divided into two distinct processes: a "deposition process" which refers to the process of heterogeneous nucleation and growth at the asperities of the surface and an "adhesion process" which refers to the sticking of preexisting crystals, which have nucleated in the bulk solution, and which build up as a layer on the surface. It has been presented in this paper that the surface scale formation rate is more dominantly controlled by the "deposition process" rather than the "adhesion process"; however, the level of agitation could have inverse effects on one process to another. Only a small amount of research has been done to understand the differences of the kinetics of each of these processes. The presented work represents an experimental study of scaling tests to assess the effect of hydrodynamic conditions, using Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE), in a complex scaling environment, particularly supersaturated with barium/strontium sulphate and calcium carbonate, on the stainless steel substrate coated with a wide range of different industrial coatings.In addition, the effect of the surface energy and surface roughness on both processes has been studied. The paper provides data that will assist in the understanding of the controlling parameters in scale formation in different conditions, and also describes what characteristics of the surface can make it a good anti-scale surface for inorganic scale; however, the results have showed that merely one parameter cannot assure a surface as a good antifouling surface.

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“…On the other hand, CaCO 3 frequently precipitates in pipes as scale in hydraulic systems that are subject to changes in temperature, such as in geothermal power plants, hot springs, and the cooling towers of factories. Because the precipitation of scale in pipes decreases the heat transfer performance and prevents water flow, much research has been carried out to prevent the precipitation of scale, and methods have been developed to prevent the precipitation of scale by using chemicals and electrolysis (Gabrielli et al, 1999;Morizot et al, 1999;Neville and Morizot, 2000;Rinat et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the electrolytic precipitation rate of calcite

Yanagisawa

¹

,

Matsumura²

2006

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

1

0

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A high frequency electrolysis method was used to reduce the calcium in circulating water by precipitating CaCO 3 on the electrodes. The oxidation reduction potential, pH, and chemical composition were measured during the precipitation of the CaCO 3 . The calcite precipitated on the electrode cover. The concentration of calcium ions in the solution decreased under reducing conditions, and the precipitation rate of calcite depended on the pH. For initial Ca and HCO 3 concentrations of 200 ppm, the maximum precipitation rate of CaCO 3 was 2.4 mg/m 2 /s at pH = 6.8, and the precipitation rate decreased linearly as the pH decreased to pH = 4.6. The precipitation rate depended on the initial concentrations of calcium and HCO 3 , rather than being regulated by the initial pH using citric acid.

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“…On the other hand, CaCO 3 frequently precipitates in pipes as scale in hydraulic systems that are subject to changes in temperature, such as in geothermal power plants, hot springs, and the cooling towers of factories. Because the precipitation of scale in pipes decreases the heat transfer performance and prevents water flow, much research has been carried out to prevent the precipitation of scale, and methods have been developed to prevent the precipitation of scale by using chemicals and electrolysis (Gabrielli et al, 1999;Morizot et al, 1999;Neville and Morizot, 2000;Rinat et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the electrolytic precipitation rate of calcite

YANAGISAWA

¹

,

MATSUMURA²

2006

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A high frequency electrolysis method was used to reduce the calcium in circulating water by precipitating CaCO 3 on the electrodes. The oxidation reduction potential, pH, and chemical composition were measured during the precipitation of the CaCO 3 . The calcite precipitated on the electrode cover. The concentration of calcium ions in the solution decreased under reducing conditions, and the precipitation rate of calcite depended on the pH. For initial Ca and HCO 3 concentrations of 200 ppm, the maximum precipitation rate of CaCO 3 was 2.4 mg/m 2 /s at pH = 6.8, and the precipitation rate decreased linearly as the pH decreased to pH = 4.6. The precipitation rate depended on the initial concentrations of calcium and HCO 3 , rather than being regulated by the initial pH using citric acid.

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Studies of the deposition of CaCO3 on a stainless steel surface by a novel electrochemical technique

Cited by 55 publications

References 5 publications

Surface inorganic scale formation in oil and gas industry: As adhesion and deposition processes

Surface inorganic scale formation in oil and gas industry: As adhesion and deposition processes

Analysis of the electrolytic precipitation rate of calcite

Analysis of the electrolytic precipitation rate of calcite

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