Studies of the efficacy of a novel intranasal vaccine against feline bordetellosis

Abstract

A novel intranasal vaccine against disease caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica in cats was tested in a series of three experiments. In the first experiment a vaccinated group and an unvaccinated control group of kittens were challenged by the aerosol route with virulent B bronchiseptica three weeks after they had been vaccinated. The control kittens developed upper respiratory tract signs typical of feline B bronchiseptica infection, including rhinitis, a serous ocular and nasal discharge, fever, sneezing and coughing. The mean (sd) clinical score for the cats in the unvaccinated control group was 19.5 (5.4) compared with 1.53 (1.9) for the vaccinated group. In the second experiment vaccinated kittens were challenged with virulent B bronchiseptica 72 hours after they were vaccinated. Their mean clinical score was 2.76 (2.62) compared with 13.4 (3.33) for the control group. In the final experiment, vaccinated and unvaccinated control cats were challenged after six or 12 months. After six months the mean clinical scores were 13.9 (4.7) for the control group, compared with 1.33 (1.56) for the vaccinated group, and after 12 months the scores were 9.92 (5.79) for the control group compared with 0.92 (0.89) for the vaccinated group.

A Marker-Free Bordetella bronchiseptica aroA/bscN Double Deleted Mutant Confers Protection against Lethal Challenge

“…Most pathogens enter the body through mucosal surfaces and, therefore, mucosal vaccines (mostly are live attenuated vaccines) that target the respiratory, gastrointestinal, or urogenital tracts are attractive as they stimulate local protection against infections [7]. This is really true for the vaccine against the infection caused by the respiratory pathogenic bacterium B. bronchiseptica which can efficiently colonize respiratory mucosa, as an attenuated live B. bronchiseptica vaccine often induces immunity and provides effective and long-lasting protection superior to those achieved by an inactivated vaccine and/or a sub-unit vaccine [3,6,[11][12][13]. In addition, another advantage of attenuated live B. bronchiseptica vaccine is that could be administrated directly through nasal cavity, making vaccination more convenient.…”

Bordetellosis

“…43 Because disease is rarely severe in cats more than 6 weeks of age, vaccination of cats has not been recommended on a routine basis, 43 but could be considered as an adjunct to management strategies such as reduction of overcrowding and proper disinfection if outbreaks of bordetellosis are a problem in group-housed cats. 43 Because disease is rarely severe in cats more than 6 weeks of age, vaccination of cats has not been recommended on a routine basis, 43 but could be considered as an adjunct to management strategies such as reduction of overcrowding and proper disinfection if outbreaks of bordetellosis are a problem in group-housed cats.…”

Immunogenicity of recombinant outer membrane porin protein and protective efficacy against lethal challenge with Bordetella bronchiseptica in rabbits

“…Although vaccines against B. bronchiseptica are commonly used in dogs (Ellis ), cats (Williams et al . ) and pigs (Sakano et al . ), a vaccine against any species of B. bronchiseptica for use in rabbits is not currently available.…”

“…Although vaccines against B. bronchiseptica are commonly used in dogs (Ellis 2015), cats (Williams et al 2002) and pigs (Sakano et al 1984), a vaccine against any species of B. bronchiseptica for use in rabbits is not currently available. The vaccines being investigated in the laboratory research phase mainly focus on inactivated whole-cell vaccines and attenuated B. bronchiseptica intranasal or oral vaccines (Stevenson and Roberts 2003;Yevsa et al 2013;Scott-Garrard et al 2018).…”