Studies of the hemopoietic microenvironment. VIII andrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the murine spleen

Reilly, Frank; McCuskey, Robert S.; Meineke, Howard A.

doi:10.1002/ar.1091850111

Cited by 62 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Histofluorescence studies done since the late 1960s have firmly established the presence of noradrenergic nerves in the spleens of all species studied [Dahlstrom and Zetterstrom, 1965;Gillespie and Kirpekar, 1965;Dahlstrom et al, 1966;Felten et (d, 1985: Fillenz, 1970Livnat et al, 1985;Reilly and McCuskey, 1977;Reilly et al, 1976Reilly et al, , 1979Williams et al, 1981: Zetterstrom et al, 19731. These studies expanded on the earlier work of Riegele [1929] and Utterback [1944] who used convenrional silver stains to cyte.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: II. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive nerve terminals form synapticlike contacts on lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp

Felten

Olschowka

1987

J of Neuroscience Research

301

130

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Immunocytochemistry was used to demonstrate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive profiles in the spleen of the adult Fischer 344 rat. At the light microscopic level, numerous varicose nerve profiles were seen in the white pulp, particularly surrounding the central arteries and their arteriole branches. At the electron microscopic level, varicosities were seen in close proximity to smooth muscle cells of the arteries, and directly abutting lymphocytes (presumable T-lymphocytes) of the nearby periarteriolar lymphatic sheath. There were no intervening cell processes between the TH-positive terminals and the lymphocyte. The opposing membranes were smooth and evenly spaced approximately 6 nm apart. Additional TH-positive nerve profiles were seen in the inner marginal zone and within trabeculae. The correlation between this immunocytochemical staining and previously demonstrated histofluorescence for norepinephrine leads to the conclusion that lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp have direct associations with noradrenergic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system. This association provides a route by which the autonomic nervous system could directly influence specific immune system effector cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: II. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive nerve terminals form synapticlike contacts on lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp

Felten

Olschowka

1987

J of Neuroscience Research

301

130

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“…Adrenergic (sympathetic) axons occur between the reticular cells of the splenic red pulp of both horse [3] and dog [6]. The murine spleen and the human spleen are innervated by a combination of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibres [7,8]. Axons and nerve endings enter the sheathed artery in horse [3) and cat [9], but not in the dog [6], No reports were available on superstructural analyses of the pig spleen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of the Red Pulp in Spleen Innervation in Horse and Pig

Abe¹,

Takehana²,

Iwasa³

et al. 1991

Cells Tissues Organs

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The innervation of the red pulp in the spleen of horse and pig was investigated by electron microscopy. In addition, the neurilemma was studied by immunohistochemistry specific for S-100 protein. In the pig, a large population of smooth-muscle cells extending from the smooth-muscle trabeculae was present in the red pulp. The cytoplasmic processes of reticular cells enwrapped the smooth-muscle cells, and nerve fibres were distributed between the smooth-muscle cells and the reticular cells. The nerve terminals clustered toward the facing of the smooth-muscle cells. Nerve fibres and terminals were not disclosed within the sheathed artery. Immunohistochemically the neurilemma showed a reaction positive for S-100 protein. In the horse, no smooth-muscle cells were noted in the red pulp. The nerve fibres terminated around the cytoplasmic processes of the reticular cells. Nerve fibres and terminals were disclosed within the sheathed artery, and the terminals contained both large and small dense-cored vesicles. Immunohistochemically the neurilemma showed a reaction negative for S-100 protein. These findings support the presence of the axon-bearing reticular cells described earlier in the horse spleen.

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“…Bare basement membranes, which are found often, may be caused by shortening of the covering cytoplasmic processes of the reticular cells by movement or contraction of these processes. The contractile ability of the reticular cells in murine, canine, and equine spleens has been suggested by Reilly et al (1976), Blue and Weiss (1981b), and Tablin and Weiss (19831, respectively. Muller-Hermelink et al (1981) clearly showed that in the human spleen the reticular cells give an immunohistochemically positive reaction with antibodies directed against smooth muscle myosin and actin.…”

Section: Reticular Cell and Sinus Endothelial Cellmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Few typical fibroblasts are observable in the trabecula. Splenic nerves are provided to smooth muscle cells in the capsule and trabeculae in the cat (Fillenz, 1970;Blue and Weiss, 1981a), and to the vascular smooth muscle cells in the human, mouse, and cat (Galindo and Imaeda, 1962;Reilly et al, 1976Reilly et al, , 1979Heusermann and Stutte, 1977;Kudoh et al, 1979;Blue and Weiss, 1981a). Fluorescence studies showed that nerve fibers in the trabecular and central arteries are adrenergic in type (Reilly et al, 1976;Williams and Felten, 1981).…”

Section: Dense Connective Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major contractile structures in the rat spleen are the capsulo-trabecular system and the arterioles where typical smooth muscle cells and unmyelinated nerve fibers are abundant. Fluorescence studies have shown that the nerve fibers associated with the trabecular and central arteries are adrenergic in type (Gillespie and Kirpekar, 1966;Reilly et al, 1976;Felten, 1980, 1981). Dense-cored and empty synaptic vesicles in the nerve endings have been found in human (Heusermann and Stutte, 19771, dog (Blue and Weiss, 1981b), chicken (Olah and Glick, 1982), and equine spleens (Tablin and Weiss, 1983), and are thought to be adrenergic in nature.…”

Section: Contraction Of the Reticular Meshworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reticular meshwork of the spleen in rats studied by electron microscopy

et al. 1988

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The reticular meshwork of the rat spleen, which consists of both fibrous and cellular reticula, was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The fibrous reticulum of the splenic pulp is composed of reticular fibers and basement membranes of the sinuses. These reticular fibers and basement membranes are continuous with each other. The reticular fibers are enfolded by reticular cells and are composed of two basic elements: 1) peripheral basal laminae of the reticular cells, and 2) central connective tissue spaces in which microfibrils, collagenous fibrils, elastic fibers, and unmyelinated adrenergic nerve fibers are present. The basement membranes of the sinuses are sandwiched between reticular cells and sinus endothelial cells and are composed of lamina-densalike material, microfibrils, collagenous fibrils, and elastic fibers. The presence of these connective tissue fibrous components indicates that there are connective tissue spaces in these basement membranes. The basement membrane is divided into three parts: the basal lamina of the reticular cell, the connective tissue space, and the basal lamina of the sinus endothelial cell. When the connective tissue space is very small or absent, the two basal laminae may fuse to form a single, thick basement membrane of the splenic sinus wall. The fibrous reticulum having these structures is responsible for support (collagenous fibrils) and rebounding (elastic fibers). The cells of the cellular reticulum--reticular cells and their cytoplasmic processes, which possess abundant contractile microfilaments, dense bodies, hemidesmosomes, basal laminae, and a well-developed, rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complexes, which are characteristic of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells--are considered to be myofibroblasts. They may play roles in splenic contraction and in fibrogenesis of the fibrous reticulum. The contractile ability may be influenced by the unmyelinated adrenergic nerve fibers that pass through the reticular fibers. The three-dimensional reticular meshwork of the spleen consists of sustentacular fibrous reticulum and contractile myofibroblastic cellular reticulum. This meshwork not only supports the organ but also contributes to a contractile mechanism in circulation regulation, in collaboration with major contractile elements in the capsulo-trabecular system.

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Studies of the hemopoietic microenvironment. VIII andrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the murine spleen

Cited by 62 publications

References 8 publications

Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: II. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive nerve terminals form synapticlike contacts on lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp

Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: II. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive nerve terminals form synapticlike contacts on lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp

Ultrastructure of the Red Pulp in Spleen Innervation in Horse and Pig

Reticular meshwork of the spleen in rats studied by electron microscopy

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