STUDIES OF THE METABOLISM OF ANDROGENS IN WOMEN<sup>1</sup>,<sup>2</sup>

Hamblen, E. C.; Ross, Robert A.; Cuyler, W. Kenneth; Baptist, Margaret; Ashley, Catherine

doi:10.1210/endo-25-4-491

Cited by 20 publications

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“…The excretion rates were very irregular and frequently higher after hysterectomy and oophorectomy than before the operation (158). Injection of testosterone propionate in some of the women patients was followed by a distinct increase in androgen excretion (158) .. All investigators on hypogonadal men and castrates agree that the low rate of excretion of androgens is increased by testosterone propionate therapy (159,160,161,162,163). An increased renal excretion of androgens following testosterone propionate injections has also been observed in the immature monkey (164), in the dog (165), and in the rabbit (166).…”

Section: Separation Of Androgens and Related Compounds From Urinementioning

confidence: 96%

Hormones

Koch¹

1940

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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Because the more definitely biochemical advances in the field of hormones are very nearly limited to those of the steroid type together with the limited space available for reviewing a very extensive litera ture, I have taken advantage of the editors' liberal policy and have limited this review to the biochemistry of the steroid hormones. ESTROGENSDistribution and forms of estrogens.-Although all of the estro gen activity in cow and hog ovaries is considered to be in the free form, only 50 to 75 per cent is free in the horse ovary or its follicular fluid (1). During pregnancy 50 to 75 per cent of the blood estrogens in women are in the free form (2). The best method of hydrolysis of the conjugated forms of estrogens in pregnancy urine is still a prob lem. One g.roup recommends boiling the pregnancy urine for ten minutes with 15 per cent concentrated hydrochloric added. Longer heating results in serious loss of estrogens (3). Others recommend that the urine from pregnant mares be allowed to stand at pH 0.4 to 0.6 at room temperature for at least four weeks (4). The writer, in studies on urine from normal men and nonpregnant women, has obtained the highest yield of estrogens by boiling the urine previously acidified to pH 1 to 1.2 with hydrochloric acid for fifteen minutes.Longer boiling at this pH also causes destruction of estrogens. The gradual increase in the urinary excretion of estrogens in women to a peak of 80,000 rat units near the termination has been confirmed, but in one case of toxemia of pregnancy, the excretion was subnormal.

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Section: Separation Of Androgens and Related Compounds From Urinementioning

confidence: 96%

Hormones

Koch¹

1940

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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“…In view of these findings, the period between the two operations in our patients for this investigation was greater than 10 days, and excretion after the second operation was observed for longer than 10 days in order to be certain that the post-operative phase was over. It has been shown by Hamblen, Ross, Cuyler, Baptist & Ashley [1939], Wooster [1943], Venning & Kazmin [1946] and Forbes et al [1947] that there is a marked daily fluctuation in the excretion of 17-ketosteroids by any one individual, so that in order to establish a base line of excretion, daily estimations for at least a week are required.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Excretion of Urinary Neutral 17-Ketosteroids Following Bilateral Splanchnicectomy and Right Adrenalectomy

Michie¹,

Clayton²

1950

Journal of Endocrinology

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The aim of the present study has been to discover whether the total urinary excretion of neutral 17-ketosteroids is affected by division of the nerves supplying the adrenal glands, with or without complete removal of one adrenal gland.During treatment for essential hypertension, selected patients undergo bilateral splanchnicectomy resulting in complete section of the nerve supply of the adrenal glands, and in addition right-sided adrenalectomy may be performed. It is thought that in women the urinary 17-ketosteroids are derived from the adrenals only, and that the ovaries probably play no part in their production, since \l=o"\ophorectomy does not significantly alter the excretion [assays have been reported in women suffering from Addison's disease [Fraser et al. 1941].Accordingly two female patients undergoing surgical treatment for essential hypertension were selected for this investigation.Low excretions have been reported in some hypertensive patients by Bruger, Rosenkrantz & Lowenstein [1944] and Selye [1947], but as Talbot & Butler [1942] and other workers have shown, there is a tendency in chronic illness from any cause for the 17-ketosteroid excretion to be moderately low.Forbes, Donaldson, Reifenstein & Albright [1947] found that in relatively healthy patients various types of acute trauma (e.g. operations, burns, acute infections) resulted in a definite pattern of 17-ketosteroid excretion. Within 24-48 hr. of operation there was an increase in excretion to a higher level than normal followed by a rapid fall to a low level on the fourth or fifth day, with a return to normal levels in 10 days. The peak which preceded the fall tended to be more marked in men than in women. When the patients were chronically ill or debilitated the response to trauma was only slight or absent altogether. Their patients included three men who had had bilateral lumbodorsal splanchnicectomy performed in two stages for essential hypertension, and their 17-ketosteroid excretion followed the typical pattern with an eventual return to pre-operative levels. In view of these findings, the period between the two operations in our patients for this investigation was greater than 10 days, and excretion after the second operation was observed for longer than 10 days in order to be certain that the post-operative phase was over.

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