Studies of the Substitution Yttrium in Pbtio3 Systems

Abstract

Sol gel processed Lead titanate PbTiO 3 was successfully doped by yttrium (Y) and characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The results obtained showed that Yttrium lead to a sharp decrease in the lattice parameter, c, accompanied by a small increase in a parameter up to 10% yttrium. By cons beyond 10 mol%, these parameters a and c are evolving slightly to converge towards the same value (a≈c). The investigations done by Raman spectroscopy showed that a concentration threshold appears around 10% of Y corresponding to a change in the substitution process in PT sites. it was revealed that substitution of Pb 2+ by Y 2+, not require the charge compensating, by cons when the rate Y is greater than 10%, the substituted yttrium replaces both Pb 2+ and Ti 4+ in the PbTiO 3 structure which requires charge compensation.