Studies on a Paratyphoid Infection in Guinea Pigs

Smith, Theobald; Nelson, John B.

doi:10.1084/jem.45.2.365

Cited by 7 publications

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“…seems to bear out the suggestion made in a previous paper that specific fecal excretion with adult guinea pigs is of relatively short duration (5).…”

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confidence: 58%

Studies on a Paratyphoid Infection in Guinea Pigs

Nelson

1928

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The appearance of a second type of Salmonella in a guinea pig population during the endemic stage of a spontaneous outbreak of paratyphoid disease was reportedin an earlier paper (1). The earliest eases of the first infection occurred in the summer of 1924. The associated organism became rapidly disseminated throughout the population; particularly through the breeding stock, and for a period of 8 weeks a moderately high specific death rate ensued. The epidemic subsequently declined to an endemic level which has persisted up to the present. The course of the infection was followed b y a bacteriological examination of all animals that died in the population under observation.During July and August, 1926, several strains of a second type of Salmonella were isolated from fatal cases. Subsequently there was a slow but general spread of the second organism. These natural occurrences, among the guinea pigs, afforded an opportunity for studying the course of a second infection in an animal population which had been exposed for a considerable period of time to a related but serologically distinct type of organism.A somewhat similar condition in a mouse population was described by Lynch (2). A spontaneous outbreak of paratyphoid infection, of 2 years duration, was followed by a second outbreak caused by a serologically different type of Salmonella. The two types of organism were designated Mouse Typhoid I and 11. Some 18 months prior to the second outbreak half of the population was vaccinated with a strain of Mouse Typhoid I. The specific death rate for the 2O7 on May 9, 2018 jem.rupress.org Downloaded from

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“…seems to bear out the suggestion made in a previous paper that specific fecal excretion with adult guinea pigs is of relatively short duration (5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Studies on a Paratyphoid Infection in Guinea Pigs

Nelson

1928

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…The last-named author suggested that infection of guinea-pigs with salmonellae might occur by the respiratory route as well as by mouth. Smith & Nelson (1927) fed two adult and four recently weaned guinea-pigs through a pipette with doses of 800,000,000 Salm. typhi-murium; no disease followed.…”

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Observations pointing to the conjunctiva as the portal of entry in salmonella infection of guinea-pigs

Moore

1957

J. Hyg.

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In the course of salmonella epizootics in guinea-pigs due to Salm. enteritidis and Salm. typhi-murium, respectively, salmonella conjunctivitis was widespread, and conjunctival swabbing was found to be a more effective procedure for detecting the spread of infection than the examination of rectal swabs. Eye-swabbing with segregation of eye-positive guinea-pigs and their cage-mates was apparently successful in controlling two Salm. enteritidis epizootics.Later experimental observations showed that the conjunctival route was a far more effective one for producing systemic salmonella infection in guinea-pigs than the oral route. The 50% spleen infecting dose by the conjunctival route was of the order of 100 organisms, while a dose of 100,000,000 organisms of the same strain of Salm. enteritidis was ineffective by mouth. Blood-borne invasion from the primary conjunctival lesion occurred by the lymphatic route. Gut infection of guinea-pigs infected experimentally throughout the eye was secondary to spleen infection and probably occurred by excretion of salmonellae through the gall-bladder.The importance of the conjunctival route in natural salmonella infections of guinea-pigs was confirmed by goggling experiments, which showed that, except in animals with complicating conditions such as pregnancy, effectively goggled guinea-pigs were highly resistant to infection in environments heavily contaminated with Salm. enteritidis which produced high infection rates in ungoggled control animals.I am very grateful to my technician, Mr G. Sandys, for his enthusiastic help, particularly with the goggling experiments.

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Die Tierparatyphosen

Standfuss¹

1934

Ergebnisse Der Hygiene Bakteriologie Immunitätsforschung Und Experimentellen Therapie

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Studies on a Paratyphoid Infection in Guinea Pigs

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Studies on a Paratyphoid Infection in Guinea Pigs

Studies on a Paratyphoid Infection in Guinea Pigs

Observations pointing to the conjunctiva as the portal of entry in salmonella infection of guinea-pigs

Die Tierparatyphosen

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