Studies on a Skin Calcifying System

Cousins, F. B.; Smillie, A. C.

doi:10.1038/icb.1965.63

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Using epilation as a challenger, Cousins and Smfllie [4] found that initial mineralization was restricted to the hair follicles and that phosphate uptake preceded that of calcium. Employing a similar procedure, Moss and Urist [9] reported an initial increase of calcium at sites of mineralization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between iron, calcium and phosphate during experimental cutaneous calcinosis

1969

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Calcification of the skin (calciphylaxis) induced by the subcutaneous administration of iron chloride to dihydrotachysterol (DttT)-sensitized rats is preceded by the selective deposition of iron (visible with electron microscopic techniques) on the surface of collagen fibrils. Electron probe X-ray microanalysis indicates that the injection of iron alone suffices to increase local concentrations of calcium and phosphorus; however, apatite formation occurs only in animals pretreated with DHT. The amount and degree of crystallinity of the inorganic material is very similar on the sixth and thirtieth day after the beginning of the experiment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between iron, calcium and phosphate during experimental cutaneous calcinosis

1969

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“…after injury but that this is no longer present at 12 hr. These findings relate to the non-dosed animal, i.e., the situation where mineralisation does not progress beyond the involvement of hair follicles (Cousins and Smillie, 1965). By 12 hr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It has been pointed out (Cousins and Smillie, 1965) that in the skin system both coUagenous and keratinous matrices calcified, although the latter did preferentially. The widespread occurrence of calcification in various vertebrate and invertebrate species serves to remove emphasis from any particular protein, and there are many recorded instances of calcification associated with non-collagenous matrices (Pautard, 1961;Blakey, Earland, Stell and Swift, 1965;Martin, Schiffmann, Bladen and Nylen, 1963).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aliquots of the dried sample were ashed for total phosphorusi as' previously-described (Cousins and Smillie, 1965). Reproducible extractions of phosphorus into ice-cold TCA was achieved in 5 or 6 min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals were maintained, epilated, and control and experimental samples taken, as previously described (Cousins and Smillie, 1965). Phosphorus was estimated, as the following fractions: trichloracetic acid soluble (PTCA); orthophosphate (Pj); organic phosphate (P,,); and residue phosphate (Pjes)-Total phosphorus (Ptot) ^^^ ^1^° estitpated for each skin sample fractionated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further Studies on a Skin Calcifying System

Smillie

Cousins

1970

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary.The changes in distribution of phosphorus involved in initiating deposition of hydroxy apatite in an experimental system based on mineralisation of rat skin have been studied.Measurement of several major phosphate fractions indicated considerable movement o£ pliosphorus, particularly between t\ie inorganic and organic phosphate pools of the skin. There was also an uptake of phosporus by a coUagen-rich fraction, which was related both temporally and sequentially to mineralisation. The phosphate taken up was released from the collagen fraction within a few hours if calcification did not occur. Attempts to demonstrate an inhibitory role for pyrophosphate in this calcifying system were unsuccessful.INTRODUCTION.

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Ultrastructural study of the long-term development of two experimental cutaneous calcinoses (topical calciphylaxis and topical calcergy) in the rat

Boivin

Walzer²,

Baud³

1987

Cell Tissue Res.

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Skin calcification induced by topical calciphylaxis was provoked by a subcutaneous injection of iron chloride in rats previously sensitized by dihydrotachysterol. A cutaneous topical calcergy was induced by an injection of potassium permanganate. An electron-microscopical study of the long-term evolution of both these models of calcification was made. After the initial stages, mineralization of the connective tissue continued by a secondary nucleation process without matrix vesicles. The mineral composed of needle-like structures, apatite in nature, was mainly deposited between and around collagen fibrils, and showed various arrangements in calcified plaques. Intrafibrillar calcification was rarely observed and appeared only in the later stages. The extension of calcified deposits then stopped. Finally, there was a fragmentation of the mineralized area which was progressively surrounded by uncalcified collagen fibrils. A demineralization process, caused by cells such as macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, rather than a resorption of the calcified deposits, was noted. It is important to emphasize that, in both models of ectopic calcification, an evolution toward ectopic ossification was never observed, which is perhaps due to the absence of extensive resorption mechanisms.

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Studies on a Skin Calcifying System

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Relationship between iron, calcium and phosphate during experimental cutaneous calcinosis

Relationship between iron, calcium and phosphate during experimental cutaneous calcinosis

Further Studies on a Skin Calcifying System

Ultrastructural study of the long-term development of two experimental cutaneous calcinoses (topical calciphylaxis and topical calcergy) in the rat

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