Studies on acute glucose-induced aldosterone suppression: Role of renin-angiotensin system

Nützi, D.; Beretta-Piccoli, C; Ferrier, Claudia; Link, L; Gerber, Andreas; Weidmann, P

doi:10.1007/bf01721046

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This may not be unreasonable because the relative plasma volume can be restored even in the absence of fluid ingestion (17). However, with the increase in plasma glucose during the 12% carbohydrate treatment, we observed an elevation in plasma osmolality that would be expected to stimulate vasopressin (2,26). The rise in glucose would also stimulate insulin, which has been shown to also increase urinary sodium reabsorption, even in healthy individuals (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Carbohydrate exerts a mild influence on fluid retention following exercise-induced dehydration

Osterberg

Pallardy

Johnson

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Rapid and complete rehydration, or restoration of fluid spaces, is important when acute illness or excessive sweating has compromised hydration status. Many studies have investigated the effects of graded concentrations of sodium and other electrolytes in rehydration solutions; however, no study to date has determined the effect of carbohydrate on fluid retention when electrolyte concentrations are held constant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of graded levels of carbohydrate on fluid retention following exercise-induced dehydration. Fifteen heat-acclimatized men exercised in the heat for 90 min with no fluid to induce 2-3% dehydration. After a 30-min equilibration period, they received, over the course of 60 min, one of five test beverages equal to 100% of the acute change in body mass. The experimental beverages consisted of a flavored placebo with no electrolytes (P), placebo with electrolytes (P + E), 3%, 6%, and 12% carbohydrate solutions with electrolytes. All beverages contained the same type and concentration of electrolytes (18 meq/l Na(+), 3 meq/l K(+), 11 meq/l Cl(-)). Subjects voided their bladders at 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min, and urine specific gravity and urine volume were measured. Blood samples were taken before exercise and 30, 90, 180, and 240 min following exercise and were analyzed for glucose, sodium, hemoglobin, hematocrit, renin, aldosterone, and osmolality. Body mass was measured before and after exercise and a final body mass was taken at 240 min. There were no differences in percent dehydration, sweat loss, or fluid intake between trials. Fluid retention was significantly greater for all carbohydrate beverages compared with P (66.3 +/- 14.4%). P + E (71.8 +/- 9.9%) was not different from water, 3% (75.4 +/- 7.8%) or 6% (75.4 +/- 16.4%) but was significantly less than 12% (82.4 +/- 9.2%) retention of the ingested fluid. No difference was found between the carbohydrate beverages. Carbohydrate at the levels measured exerts a mild influence on fluid retention in postexercise recovery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Carbohydrate exerts a mild influence on fluid retention following exercise-induced dehydration

Osterberg

Pallardy

Johnson

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…Plasma angiotensin I1 was markedly elevated during the period of poor control, but also normalized with improved control. In a study by Nutzi et al [17] in normal subjects, acute increases in plasma insulin and glucose after glucose loading were accompanied by decreases in plasma cortisol and aldosterone and elevations in PRA. The means by which hyperglycaemia increases PRA is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Hyperglycaemia on Arterial Pressure, Plasma Renin Activity and Renal Function in Early Diabetes

et al. 1996

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1. In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hyperglycaemia has a profound effect on renal and systemic haemodynamic function. The mechanism for this is unknown. 2. We conducted a study in 11 males with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, within 6 years of diagnosis. We examined the neurohumoral, haemodynamic and renal variables during euglycaemia (4.0-6.0 mmol/l) and after a 12 h period of hyperglycaemia (8.5-10.5 mmol/l). Subjects were examined in a sodium-replete state during supine rest and during simulated orthostatic stress induced by lower body negative pressure at -15 mmHg. 3. Variations in glycaemia markedly influenced plasma renin activity, which was increased at baseline during hyperglycaemia (3.82 +/- 0.66 pmol of angiotensin I h-1 ml-1 compared with 2.13 +/- 0.33 pmol of angiotensin I h-1 ml-1 during euglycaemia, P = 0.009), and rose further during simulated orthostatic stress. Mean arterial pressure was also elevated during hyperglycaemia (89 +/- 2 mmHg compared with 81 +/- 3 mmHg during euglycaemia, P = 0.03), both at rest and during orthostatic stress. 4. The renal haemodynamic effects of hyperglycaemia included maintenance of glomerular filtration rate in the face of significant declines in renal blood flow, and a probable increase in filtration fraction (0.21 +/- 0.01 compared with 0.18 +/- 0.01 during euglycaemia, P = 0.06). The responses of mean arterial pressure and renal blood flow to simulated orthostatic stress were not affected by hyperglycaemia, but the forearm vascular response was significantly augmented. 5. These data suggest that sustained hyperglycaemia activates the renin-angiotensin system, thereby increasing systemic and renal vasomotor tone. Over time such changes may have deleterious microvascular consequences.

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Amylin and Syndrome‐X

Young

Rink

Vine

et al. 1994

Drug Development Research

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A 37 amino-acid peptide, amylin, is secreted from the pancreatic p-cell in response to stimuli similar to those causing insulin secretion. Plasma amylin levels are generally elevated under circumstances where insulin is elevated, including in insulin resistance and in essential (obesity-related) hypertension. Several of amylin's actions may contribute to key features of insulin resistance and the insulin resistance syndrome (Syndrome-XI. Actions o n muscle glycogen metabolism, Cori cycle activity, and endogenous glucose production may contribute to glucose intolerance while amylin's effects to suppress p-cell secretion could account for the secretory defect observed in early glucose intolerance. Amylin also potently increases plasma renin activity, and could contribute to the hypertension that is associated with obesity and insulin resistance.Q 1994 Wiiey-Liss, Inc.

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Studies on acute glucose-induced aldosterone suppression: Role of renin-angiotensin system

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Carbohydrate exerts a mild influence on fluid retention following exercise-induced dehydration

Carbohydrate exerts a mild influence on fluid retention following exercise-induced dehydration

Effect of Hyperglycaemia on Arterial Pressure, Plasma Renin Activity and Renal Function in Early Diabetes

Amylin and Syndrome‐X

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