Studies on Anode Pre-Heating Using Individual Anode Signals in Hall-Héroult Reduction Cells

Jassim, Ali; Akhmetov, Sergey; Welch, B. J.; Skyllas‐Kazacos, Maria; Bao, Jie; Yao, Yuchen

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48251-4_105

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…pre-heating (cf. 5) remain for more than 15 hours, further measurements are however needed to validate this due to the large scatter in data, comparable to that reported previously by Jassim et al [6].…”

Section: Temperature and Voltage Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Although the current experiments do not show a dependency between pre-heating and current pick-up, this feature has already been demonstrated by Jassim et al [6]. There is no physical reason to believe that pre-heating does not give more rapid current pick-up, although the effect in the current study apparently was obscured by random variations, e.g., in the anode setting depth or the metal heaving.…”

Section: Structure Of Frozen Layersupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Fortini et al [5] heated anodes to surface temperatures of about 500 • C using 30 kW heaters and found an increase in current efficiency of 0.5-1 % over 60 days. Correspondingly, Jassim et al [6] found that preheating anodes up to 300 • C resulted in a 42% faster evolution in current during the initial 6 hours of operation -in theory improving cell stability and current efficiency, as well as improving the local heat deficit. As pointed out by Jassim et al [6], however, benefits arising from anode pre-heating should not be negated by increased energy consumption -i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Correspondingly, Jassim et al [6] found that preheating anodes up to 300 • C resulted in a 42% faster evolution in current during the initial 6 hours of operation -in theory improving cell stability and current efficiency, as well as improving the local heat deficit. As pointed out by Jassim et al [6], however, benefits arising from anode pre-heating should not be negated by increased energy consumption -i.e. the usage of waste heat should be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Utilization of Waste Heat for Pre-heating of Anodes

Grimstad

Elstad

Solheim

et al. 2020

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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Carbon anodes are replaced on a regular basis in Hall-Héroult cells as they are consumed by electrochemical reactions. Upon insertion of new anodes, bath will freeze locally as a result of low bath superheat and comparatively low anode temperature, creating an insulating layer on the anode surface, thereby delaying further production. In the current work the potential for pre-heating anodes directly utilizing waste heat from off-gas and spent anode butts is investigated using a numerical model realized in COMSOL and industrial measurements at the Alcoa Mosjøen smelter. Anode core temperatures over 150 • C and surface temperatures over 250 • C were found when using butts as a direct heat source. Frozen bath samples from both pre-heated and regular anodes were collected and analysed using computer tomography (CT) in order to assess how various heating strategies influences frozen bath morphology.

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Section: Temperature and Voltage Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Structure Of Frozen Layersupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Utilization of Waste Heat for Pre-heating of Anodes

Grimstad

Elstad

Solheim

et al. 2020

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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“…Moreover, the heating of the newly inserted anode comes at an energy premium of approximately 0.13 kWh/kg produced Al. The thermal issues arising due to anode change can be reduced by pre-heating the anodes, as demonstrated by Fortini et al [5], using induction, and Jassim et al [6], using a gas fired heating station. Evidently, the efficiency and availability of the heat source has to be assessed carefully so that the benefits from pre-heating are not negated by increased energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heating New Anodes Using the Waste Heat of Anode Butts Establishing the Interface Thermal Contact Resistance

Dupuis¹,

Gudbrandsen

Einarsrud

2021

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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In order to be able to assess the rate of heat transfer between a new anode and an anode butt, it is critical to measure the interface thermal contact resistance between them. For that purpose, a lab experiment has been setup and tests have been carried out to record the thermal response of the system after a cold anode block is put in contact with a hot anode block. Finally, a model of the same system has been developed in order to identify the value of the thermal contact resistance that permit to reproduce the thermal experimental thermal response.

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A Discussion on Thermal Impact of Anode Change in Aluminum Reduction Cell

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2023

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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Studies on Anode Pre-Heating Using Individual Anode Signals in Hall-Héroult Reduction Cells

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Utilization of Waste Heat for Pre-heating of Anodes

Utilization of Waste Heat for Pre-heating of Anodes

Heating New Anodes Using the Waste Heat of Anode Butts Establishing the Interface Thermal Contact Resistance

A Discussion on Thermal Impact of Anode Change in Aluminum Reduction Cell

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