Studies on Antibody-Producing Cells

Gudat, F; Harris, T. N.; Harris, Susanna; Hummeler, Klaus

doi:10.1084/jem.133.2.305

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…All of the cell types present in the original lymph-node cell suspensions also were found in the final suspensions of concentrated rosettes, but not in the same proportion. Lymphocytes of varying size were frequently rosetted, as previously noted by Storb et al [30] and by G udat et al [12]. Although lymphocytes far outnum bered lymphoblasts in the cell suspension, the number of lymphoblasts were disproportionally high in the rosetted population of the 6-day SRBC-stimulated animals, as well as the 5-day DNP-stimulated animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Distribution of Immunoglobulin Determinants and Antigen Receptors on the Surface of Rabbit Lymphoid Cells as Shown by Peroxidase-Labelled Antibody and Cell Rosetting Techniques

Kent¹,

Ferrarini²,

Coombs³

et al. 1972

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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(1) Lymphoid cells of rabbits have been rosetted by the mixed antiglobulin reaction and simultaneously stained for inimunoglobulin (Ig), using horse-radish peroxidase-labelled anti-IgG and prepared for electron-microscopic examination. The vast majority of rosetting cells (95%) were lymphocytes, and essentially all the lymphocytes which rosetted had membrane-staining for Ig. (2) Lymph-node cells from immunized rabbits rosetting via specific receptors with red cells carrying antigen were likewise stained for Ig and prepared for electron microscopy. The vast majority of rosetting cells were lymphocytes and lymphoblasts (except in one rabbit, where 15% Of the cells were macrophages). Virtually all rosetting lymphoid cells were shown to have Ig membrane determinants, suggesting that receptors on all rosetting cells are structured with Ig. (3) Reconstructions of rosetted lymphocytes were made from serial electron micrographs to show the distribution of both surface Ig determinants and receptors. From these reconstructions, the distribution of Ig determinants was shown to be irregular. The sites of receptor combination with RBC almost invariably stained for Ig determinants. This correlation is consistent with the Ig nature of antigen receptors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Distribution of Immunoglobulin Determinants and Antigen Receptors on the Surface of Rabbit Lymphoid Cells as Shown by Peroxidase-Labelled Antibody and Cell Rosetting Techniques

Kent¹,

Ferrarini²,

Coombs³

et al. 1972

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…After antigen stimulation other types of RFC appear rapidly: medium-sized lymphocytes, large lymphocytes, blast cells, and plasma cells (15,16,53,59,60). These different cell types increase at similar rates during the exponential phase of the response, suggesting their interdependence (53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytodynamics of the Immune Response in Two Lines of Mice Genetically Selected for "High" and "Low" Antibody Synthesis

Biozzi

Stiffel

Mouton

et al. 1972

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Two lines of mice have been separated by selective breeding for the character "agglutinin production to heterologous erythrocytes." Around the 18th generation of selection the two lines could be considered as homozygous for the character investigated. This trait is under the control of a group of additive genes. The interline difference in the production of anti-SE agglutinins was verified for the range of antigen doses from subimmunogenic to maximal. After intravenous immunization with an optimal dose of SE, the duration of the exponential rise in serum antibody was 4–5 days in both lines. At this time most of the interline difference in responsiveness is already expressed. A cytodynamic study carried out in terms of plaque-forming cells (PFC) and rosette-forming cells (RFC) in the spleen during the exponential phase showed that the principal interline difference is found in the doubling time of cells engaged in the immune response. More precise cytodynamic analysis made in terms of RFC showed that the doubling time of RFC is 9 hr in high responder and 16 hr in low responder mice. The duration of the exponential rise and the number of target cells stimulated by antigen is the same in both lines. The interline difference at the end of the exponential rise (4 days postimmunization) is larger in terms of serum antibody (30–40-fold) than in terms of PFC or RFC (20- and 11-fold, respectively). A morphological study of RFC in nonimmunized mice showed that about 90% of rosettes were formed by small lymphocytes in both lines. The remainder were medium-sized lymphocytes. At the peak of the cellular response the RFC have differentiated into large lymphocytes, blast cells, and plasma cells. The contribution of plasma cells to RFC is much greater in the high than in the low line. The cytodynamic and morphologic results presented in this article are compatible with the hypothesis that the group of genes segregated in each line during the selective breeding control and regulate the rate of multiplication and differentiation of the antibody-producing cells.

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“…These observations suggest that they may at least in part be lymphoblasts of the thymusdependent series. However, since immature antibody-producing cells (25,26) have frequently been found to contain little endoplasmic reticulum, it is difficult to be certain on morphologic grounds alone about the thymus-dependent or thymus-independent nature of such cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopic Studies of Lymphoid Cells in the Rheumatoid Synovial Membrane

Kobayashi

Ziff

1973

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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The sublining layer of the rheumatoid synovium has been examined in the electron microscope. In this layer lymphocytes appeared to leave the blood by passing through the endothelial cytoplasm of venules and veins to form dense perivascular accumulations rich in either lymphocytes, plasma cells or both. Undifferentiated blast cells and plasmablasts were also observed in these collections. The finding of predominantly lymphocytic accumulations around some vessels and predominantly plasma-cellrich accumulations in a similar distribution around others suggested that most of the lymphocytes were plasma cell precursors or B lymphocytes.The sublining and deeper layers of the rheumatoid synovial membrane contain large numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells. These are distributed either diffusely or in nodular aggregates which are frequently located around small blood vessels (1). The origin of these cells and their role in the synovial immune response (2) have not been delineated. This communication describes the emigration of lymphocytes from the blood vessels of the rheumatoid synovium, their distribution in the synovial tissue and their ultrastructural characteristics. In addition, an attempt has been made to relate the cell types observed, i.e., lymphocytes, lymphoblasts, plasmablasts and plasma cells, to the under- lying mechanism of the rheumatoid synovial inflammatory reaction. MATERIALS AND METHODSFifteen rheumatoid synovial membranes were obtained at synovectomy. All were from patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid factor tests were positive in all cases. In the examination of individual synovial membranes blocks which did not show active infiltration were discarded. For electron microscopic examination, small pieces (2 cu mm) of tissue were fixed in 6% glutaraldehyde buffered with 0.05 M cacodylate, p H 7.3, for I hour. The pieces were washed several times in cacodylate buffer and postfixed with Palade's osmium tetroxide fixative (3) for 1 hour. The tissue was then dehydrated in a graded ethanol series, embedded in either Epon-Araldite resin mixture (4) or Araldite alone and sectioned on an LKB microtome. Sections were doubly stained with saturated aqueous uranyl acetate solution and lead citrate (5). Grids were examined with an RCA EMU-3 electron microscope. Thick sections were also stained with toluidine blue and observed in the light microscope. RESULTS Light Microscopic FindingsAbundant veins, venules and capillaries were seen in the sublining and deeper portions of the synovial membrane. Aggregations of lymphocytes were frequently observed in close relation-

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Studies on Antibody-Producing Cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Distribution of Immunoglobulin Determinants and Antigen Receptors on the Surface of Rabbit Lymphoid Cells as Shown by Peroxidase-Labelled Antibody and Cell Rosetting Techniques

Distribution of Immunoglobulin Determinants and Antigen Receptors on the Surface of Rabbit Lymphoid Cells as Shown by Peroxidase-Labelled Antibody and Cell Rosetting Techniques

Cytodynamics of the Immune Response in Two Lines of Mice Genetically Selected for "High" and "Low" Antibody Synthesis

Electron Microscopic Studies of Lymphoid Cells in the Rheumatoid Synovial Membrane

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