Studies on Biocide Free and Biocide Loaded Zeolite Hybrid Polymer Coatings on Zinc Phosphated Mild Steel for the Protection of Ships Hulls from Biofouling and Corrosion

Abstract

Biocide free and biocide loaded Zeolite epoxy coatings were formulated and covalently linked to diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A type epoxy resin which acts as a base material. These formulations were applied over the zinc phosphated mild steel specimens by a brushing method to give a thickness of 200±10 μm. The effect of biocide on the corrosion and fouling resistance properties were evaluated by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), polarization, electrochemical impedance and antifouling testing. The experimental evidence reveals that the linkage of biocide loaded Nano Zeolite has tremendous potential in resisting corrosion and fouling which is ideally required for marine environments and quite superior to the biocide free Zeolite coating. The purity and the structure of these coatings were examined by an FTIR spectral study.

The Efficiency of Biocidal Silica Nanosystems for the Conservation of Stone Monuments: Comparative In Vitro Tests against Epilithic Green Algae

“…In particular, ZS as a free biocide did not show any relevant biocidal activity against the algal cells at the experimented doses. Noteworthy, these data, which are the first on biocidal efficiency against algal cells, showed different results concerning previously reported data on biocidal efficiency against bacterial [37,[59][60][61] and fungal species [61,62], such as in the case of encapsulated product [63,64]. Despite the promising results of previously detected microorganisms, ZS did not show a broad spectrum of biocidal efficiency.…”

“…Such data can be related to the mechanisms of biocidal activity of this compound. Indeed, the previous studies demonstrate that this compound does not act by killing the microorganisms but by inhibiting their adhesion, blocking the interaction of the microorganisms with the surface [61,[63][64][65].…”

Sulfated phenolic acids from Dasycladales siphonous green algae

“…Zosteric acid has previously been intensively investigated due to its alleged anti-fouling activity (see for example Barrios et al, 2005;Boopalan and Sasikumar, 2011;Newby et al, 2006;Xu et al, 2005a,b;Villa et al, 2010). However, a critical re-examination revealed that anti-fouling activity in bacterial biofilm assays with Escherichia coli and Vibrio natriegens is not caused by zosteric acid but rather by the corresponding desulfated p-coumaric acid (Kurth et al, 2015).…”

Poly(4-vinylaniline)-Polyaniline Bilayer-Modified Stainless Steels for the Mitigation of Biocorrosion by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in Seawater

“…This novel strategy is also designed to confer antibacterial and anticorrosive dual-functional properties on the metal surfaces to simultaneously resist the attack of aggressive sulfide anions and biofilm formation. Thereby, various polymer coatings, which contain pendant or incorporated antibacterial moieties, such as poly(2-dimethyamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA), chitosan, polyurethane, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP), epoxy, and poly( N -methylaniline) (PNMA), have been tethered on the metal surfaces for the mitigation of biocorrosion. Among these materials, conductive polymers have been of particular interest, as they have been proposed to provide corrosion protection by serving as barriers and inhibitors, and via anodic protection and mediation of oxygen reduction .…”