Studies on cross compatibility in interspecific crosses of Vigna radiata × Vigna umbellata species

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to study the crossability barriers in interspecific crosses of Vigna radiata × Vigna umbellata. The basic materials of this experiment comprising of five mungbean MYMV Susceptible genotypes and five rice bean MYMV resistant genotypes. Interspecific crosses were attempted by utilizing rice bean genotypes as male parents and mungbean genotypes as female parents. The successful pod set was observed on 12 crosses out of 25 interspecific crosses of Vigna radiata and Vigna umbellata. The results revealed that highest crossability per cent was recorded in the crosses Yellowmung × KBR-1 (17.30 %), DGGV-2× RBL-35 (16.0%), Selection-4×KBR-1 (11.80%), Chinamung × KBR-1 (11.0%) and BGS-9× RBL-35 (10.20%) which were considered as successful crosses. This suggests that the parents of these four interspecific cross combinations may be ideal for transfer of useful genes across the two divergent species and to broaden the genetic base of interspecific hybrid and further, the existence of moderate hybrid pollen fertility (78.24%) coupled with moderate seed germination percentage (36.84%), lower hybrid lethality (21.43%) and lower hybrid breakdown (7.14%) was observed in Chinamung × KBR-1 followed by cross Selection-4 ×KBR-1. In the present investigation prominent observation noticed are strong pre-fertilization as well as post fertilization barriers were present in the cross between V. radiata and V. umbellata, while, growth and lethality of interspecific hybrid seedlings were influenced by the genotypes of both the parental species.

Development of interspecific hybrids between urdbean & mungbean

“…4). The results are in agreement with the findings of Bindra et al, (2020), they reported germination percentage upto 59.34 % in V. mungo x V. umbellata hybridization whereas, Basavaraja et al, (2018) found germination percentage of 36.84 % in interspecific crosses between V. radiata & V. umbellata, Lekhi et al, (2017) noted germination percentage upto 30.56 % in interspecific crosses of urdbean and mungbean. Some of the F 1 seeds did not imbibe, some showed distorted cotyledons, poor root development whereas in some cases roots developed but died before shoot formation so success rate in germination was low.…”

Alien Introgression Studies Involving Vigna mungo x V. umbellate Hybridization

“…In Vigna crops, inability of pollen tube to germinate and penetrate stigma and style (Chowdhury and Chowdhury, 1977) and ovary (Gopinathan et al, 1986), slow rate of pollen growth (Thiyagu et al, 2008); are reported to be significant pre-fertilization barriers. Post-fertilization barriers of varying degrees have been reported in most of the inter-specific Vigna crosses (Gopinathan et al, 1986;Bharithi et al, 2006;Pandiyan et al, 2010;Chaisan et al, 2013;Basavaraja et al, 2018;Bhanu et al, 2018). Thus, recovery of desirable recombinants is reduced, as hybrids exhibit varying levels of sterility (Rashid et al, 2013), inviability, lethality and genotype specific response (Dhiman et al, 2013).…”

Rice bean: a lesser known pulse with well-recognized potential

“…In most cases, efforts were directed to introgress the resistance genes and yield components from rice bean into Vigna mungo and Vigna radiata (Dar et al 1991;Verma and Brar 1996;Singh et al 2003;Pal et al 2005;Pandiyan et al 2010;Chaisan et al 2013;Singh et al 2013;Basavaraja et al 2018).…”