Studies on Excretion of Antibiotics in Human Saliva I. Penicillin and Streptomycin

Bender, I.B.; Pressman, R.S.; Tashman, Sylvia G.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1953.0018

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Equation 4 shows the corresponding equation describing the ratio of total drug in saliva to that in plasma for a base. Basic compounds are generally less extenSively bound to plasma proteins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide: Prediction by concentration in saliva

Matin

Wan

Karam

1974

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

129

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The excretion of tolbutamide in saliva of diabetic patients receiving single intravenous doses of 1 gm tolbutamide is described. Gas chromatography with electron capture was used for analysis. Pharmacokinetic parameters could be obtained from either salivary or plasma tolbutamide levels. There was a good linear relationship between tolbutamide concentration in saliva and in plasma; salivary levels were 1.2% of plasma levels. Equations are presented that account for the excretion in saliva based on extent of protein binding and degree of ionization of tolbutamide in plasma and saliva. Correlation of the saliva to plasma concentration ratio was extended to data in the literature on two other drugs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide: Prediction by concentration in saliva

Matin

Wan

Karam

1974

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

129

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“…53,54 Nevertheless, systemic antibiotic administration is known to affect colonization of bacteria on teeth and on mucosal surfaces. These observations raise the possibility that compounds of potential therapeutic value may have been missed in past surveys which screened compounds for their effect on bacterial growth, rather than for their effect on bacterial adherence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Ecology Adherent Interactions Which May Affect Microbial Ecology in the Mouth

Gibbons¹

1984

J Dent Res

236

151

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Bacteria attach to teeth and oral mucosal surfaces in a surprisingly selective manner, and attachment appears to be the first step in the colonization process. Attachment is thought to involve lectin-like and/or hydrophobic ligands, called adhesins, often present in bacterial surface appendages which interact with receptors on oral tissues. A variety of factors can influence bacterial attachment, and therefore have the potential to affect host-parasite interactions in the mouth. Factors discussed include salivary components, dietary lectins, and sublethal concentrations of antibiotics.

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“…On the other hand, however, it has been suggested that even minute quantities of antibiotic secreted in saliva will inhibit oral organisms and enable the body's defence mechanisms to dispose of such bacteria more easily (Bender et al, 1953a). It has been claimed that although a 15 mg/g troche of chlortetracycline will, after 3 h, give a mixed saliva level 100 times in excess of that which could be achieved by salivary secretion after high oral dosage, both are comparable in reducing oral flora (Kraus, 1951).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, estimations of benzylpenicillin in saliva have shown that it is present in minute quantities compared with serum levels (Bender, Pressman & Tashman, 1953a;Pellerat, 1963). Similar studies of phenoxymethylpenicillin and cloxacillin do not appear to have been carried out but levels of ampicillin in sputum and saliva have been reported (May & Delves, 1965;Stewart, Fisher, Young & Lutz, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of human serum, parotid and mixed saliva levels of phenoxymethylpenicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin and cephalexin

Speirs

Stenhouse

Stephen

et al. 1971

British J Pharmacology

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Summary A study has been made of serum, mixed and parotid salivary levels attained in normal volunteers following oral dosage of 500 mg phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets, 500 mg crushed phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets in capsules, 500 mg ampicillin, 500 mg cloxacillin and 500 mg cephalexin. High mixed saliva levels were obtained with phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets and it is considered that these were due to rapid intra‐oral dissolution of surface powder from friable tablets. No saliva levels were detected when tablets from the same batch were put into capsules. Low or no saliva levels were achieved with ampicillin, cloxacillin and cephalexin. The mode of action of antibiotics in oral infections is discussed.

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Studies on Excretion of Antibiotics in Human Saliva I. Penicillin and Streptomycin

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide: Prediction by concentration in saliva

Pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide: Prediction by concentration in saliva

Microbial Ecology Adherent Interactions Which May Affect Microbial Ecology in the Mouth

Comparison of human serum, parotid and mixed saliva levels of phenoxymethylpenicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin and cephalexin

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