Studies on Ionization Potential of Hydrocarbons

Oshima, Shozo

doi:10.1627/jpi1959.3.56

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Many cases of persistence of lethal genes in natural populations have been described (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). Frequently, the persistence of a lethal gene has been attributed to an heterotic effect in the heterozygotes (20,21,29,(31)(32)(33), either due to an heterotic effect of the lethal gene itself (34,35) or by the effect of the genes tightly linked with the lethal, as it is the case for those that are included in the same chromosomal inversion (24,25,27,29,36). Another explanation for the persistence of the lethal gene could be its association with a segregation distortion gene (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization of America byDrosophila subobscura: Heterotic effect of chromosomal arrangements revealed by the persistence of lethal genes

Mestres

Balanyà

Arenas

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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About 20 years ago Drosophila subobscura, a native Palearctic species, colonized both North and South America. In Palearctic populations lethal genes are not associated in general with particular chromosomal arrangements. In colonizing populations they are not randomly distributed and usually are associated to a different degree with chromosomal arrangements caused by the founder event. The persistence of two lethal genes in the colonizing populations, one completely associated with the O5 inversion and the other partially associated with the O3؉4؉7 arrangement, has been analyzed. In all populations studied (five North American and six South American) the observed frequency of the lethal gene completely associated with the O5 inversion is higher than expected, the difference being statistically significant in all South American and one North American populations. The observed frequency of the lethal gene partially associated with the O3؉4؉7 arrangement is also significantly higher than expected. Taking into account that the O5 inversion exhibits significant latitudinal clines both in North and South America, an overdominant model favoring the heterokaryotypes seems to be in operation. From this model, a polynomial expression has been developed that allows us to estimate the relative fitness and the coefficient of selection against all karyotypes not carrying the O5 inversion. The relative fitness of the O5 heterokaryotypes is higher in South American than in North American populations. Furthermore, the observed frequencies of the lethal genes studied are in general very close to those of the equilibrium. This case is an outstanding demonstration in nature of an heterotic effect of chromosomal segments associated with lethal genes on a large geographic scale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization of America byDrosophila subobscura: Heterotic effect of chromosomal arrangements revealed by the persistence of lethal genes

Mestres

Balanyà

Arenas

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…(6) Among these are 89Sr, (7)(8)(9)(10) 133B a, (lo) need, therefore, exists for a comparison of the distributions of the major fission products in 1311 (7,11-13) 99M0 (14) and 134--137cs. (7,15,16) A poultry and for an evaluation of their potential hazard to the consumer of poultry products, as well as to the birds themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fission Product Metabolism in Hens and Transference to Eggs

Mraz¹,

Wright²,

Ferguson³

et al. 1964

Health Physics

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Groups of eight laying Single-Comb White Leghorn pullets were each administered the following fission products : strontium-89, yttrium-91, niobium-95, molybdenum-99, ruthenium-103, iodine-131, tellerium-132, cesium-134, barium-140, lanthanum-140, praseodymium-142, cerium-144, neodymium-147 or promethium-147 at levels selected to permit counting of tissues upon sacrifice 96 hr after dosing. Half the hens were administered the fission products intramuscularly (IM) while the other half received them orally. Whole blood, plasma, gastrocnemius muscle, superficial pectoralis muscle, liver, gall-bladder, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, brain, gizzard, tibia shaft, posterior portion of sternal crest, ovary, reproductive tract and eggs were analyzed for fission product content.The differences in fission product concentration in tissues and egg components between I M and oral routes were quite small for 134Cs, sgSr and 1311. These same differences for the fission products increased in magnitude in the following order: 99Mo, 140Ba, 132Te, 142Pr and Io3Ru.

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“…The reasons for this convention are twofold: Firstly these ionisation potentials are much easier to determine than those corresponding to adiabatic ionisation, especially when one is dealing with strongly overlapping bands. Secondly, assuming the validity of Koopmans's theorem [ll], they correspond, according to (l), to the orbital energies E obtained from our model calculations : [15], and that of cis-or trans-2-butene 9.1 eV [12] [14] [16]. We conclude that substitution by an spg-hybridized carbon atom shifts the orbital energy ~( n ) of the bonding C=C n-orbital by 0.7 to 0.8 eV towards higher energies.…”

Section: Compoundmentioning

confidence: 91%