Studies on mechanical, rheological, thermal and morphological properties of in situ silica-filled butadiene rubber composites

Abstract

Silica is introduced in butadiene rubber (BR) in situ by solution sol-gel method at low and high content. This results in uniformly dispersed spherically shaped silica in rubber matrix as revealed from Scanning electron microscopy study. Incorporation of in situ silica imparts moderate reinforcement to BR composite. Mechanical property and silica distribution are eventually improved by using a silane coupling agent as a surface modifier. Thermal, rheological, morphological, mechanical and melting behaviours of the composites are evaluated and analysed in a comparative manner.

Development and characterization of graphitic carbon nitride as nonblack filler in natural rubber composites

“…It is found that g‐C 3 N 4 resulted in a small enhancement in maximum rheometric torque (R ∞ ) of NR compounds at 5 phr loading. This is as expected as the increase in the stiffness of NR composite due to the addition of rigid g‐C 3 N 4 as filler . However, the R ∞ value of NR composite shows a noticeable increment in the presence of 5 phr g‐C 3 N 4 along with 10 phr ENR‐50 as compatibilizer.…”

“…Given this most scientific efforts are devoted to developing novel sustainable filler materials to enhance the mechanical strength of rubber products . These fillers are primarily classified into two categories (1) black fillers, for example, carbon black, carbon nanotubes and (2) nonblack fillers such as nanostructure silica, clay, and alumina . Although fillers tend to improve the mechanical properties of the rubber matrix, the filler reinforcement mechanism is still complicated and remains in debate.…”

Enhancing the material performance of chloroprene rubber (CR) by strategic incorporation of zirconia

“…Moreover, carbon black produces greenhouse gases on burning that impart negative effect on carbon foot print 6 . In the category of metal oxide based non-black fillers, silica became the most popular one [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . It has proven its potential towards rubber reinforcement along with offering a balance between improved rolling resistance and anti-skid property.…”

“…6 In the category of metal oxide based non-black fillers, silica became the most popular one. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] It has proven its potential towards rubber reinforcement along with offering a balance between improved rolling resistance and anti-skid properties. Titania followed next to offer several useful features in addition to significant reinforcing efficiency.…”

Emerging Advances in Rubber Technology by the Suitable Application of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

“…38 The reinforcing effect of in situ silica in NR vulcanizates was found to be good agreement with the Guth-Gold equation by using an assumed shape factor of 2.53. 36 Sol-gel-synthesized in situ silica is also effective to improve the properties of different synthetic rubbers such as NBR, 54,63 CR, 55 EPDM, 34,51,84 SBR, 46,48,85 BR, 86 and silicone rubber. 87 Kapgate et al 54 reported the preparation and properties of NBR/silica composites in the presence of c-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (c-MPS) as a silane coupling agent.…”