Studies on permeation through polymer latex films, III. Modification using soluble polymeric additives

Steward, Paul A.; Hearn, J.; Wilkinson, M. C.

doi:10.1002/pi.1995.210380103

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Fine CaCO 3 particles that can be leached with a mild solution of acetic acid have been evaluated by Flanagan et al (2) and water-soluble protein (casein) and other carbohydrate polymers have been evaluated by Flickinger et al (19). Steward et al (20,21) have examined sucrose and soluble polymeric additives. Substances that would remain particulate in the coating mixture without going into solution would give a different structure than those that dissolve in the coating mixture.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure of a Biocatalytic Latex Coating Containing Viable Escherichia coli Cells

Thiagarajan

Huang

Scriven

et al. 1999

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure of a Biocatalytic Latex Coating Containing Viable Escherichia coli Cells

Thiagarajan

Huang

Scriven

et al. 1999

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Ellipsometry, photon transmission (PT), and reflection techniques have been elaborated for latex film formation processes. Scanning and transmission electron microscopes have been commonly used techniques to characterize the latex systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the infrared radiation affects the film formation process from latexes?

Yargı

Gelir

Özdoğan

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, the effect of the infrared radiative heating (IRH) was investigated on the film formation from composites of polystyrene (PS) latex particles and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). The films were prepared as a pure PS and a mixture of PS and PVA particles at equal compositions at room temperature and they were annealed at elevated temperatures above the glass transition temperature (T g ) of PS for 10 min by using IRH technique. Identical experiments were performed by using standard convectional heating technique in oven as comparison. It was shown that the activation energy for the film formation from PS latex particles decreased considerably in IRH annealing technique. Photon transmission (PT) and steady state fluorescence (SSF) techniques were used to monitor the film formation process at each sintering step. Minimum film formation temperature, T o , and healing temperature, T h , were determined by the data obtained from the SSF and the PT measurements for each heating processes. The film formation was modeled as a void closure and as an interdiffusion stage below and above T h , respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the variation in morphological structure of annealed composite films. It was observed that IRH heating causes more homogenous and more flat film surface than films annealed in the oven.

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“…Polymer particle coalescence and therefore the permeability can be difficult to control during drying of a coating. During drying the fusion of latex spheres is driven by polymer−water interfacial tension, capillary pressure, layer compression, and interparticle adhesion (9−13). Even after the coating has dried, further reduction in permeability can occur as a function of time, relative humidity, and temperature (12, 13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering the Microstructure and Permeability of Thin Multilayer Latex Biocatalytic Coatings Containing E. coli

Lyngberg

Thiagarajan

et al. 2001

Biotechnol. Prog.

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The microstructure and permeability of rehydrated 20-100 microm thick partially coalesced (vinyl-actetate acrylic copolymer) SF091 latex coatings and a 118 microm thick model trilayer biocatalytic coating consisting of two sealant SF091 layers containing a middle layer of viable E. coli HB101 + latex were studied as delaminated films in a diffusion apparatus with KNO(3) as the diffussant. The permeability of the hydrated coatings is due to diffusive transport through the pore space between the partially coalesced SF091 latex particles. Coating microstructure was visualized by fast freeze cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM). The effective diffusion coefficient of SF091 latex coatings (diffusive permeability/film thickness) was determined as the ratio of the effective diffusivity of KNO(3) to its diffusivity in water (D(eff)/D). Polymer particle coalescence was arrested by two methods to increase coating permeability. The first used glycerol with coating drying at 4 degrees C, near the glass transition temperature (T(g)). The second method used sucrose or trehalose as a filler to arrest coalescence; the filler was then dissolved away. D(eff)/D was measured as a function of film thickness; content of glycerol, sucrose, and trehalose; drying time; and rehydration time. D(eff)/D varied from 3 x 10(-4) for unmodified SF091 coatings to 6.8 x 10(-2) for coatings containing sucrose. D(eff)/D was reduced by the flattening of latex particles against the surface of the solid substrate, as well as by the presence of the colloid stabilizer hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC). When corrected for the flattened particle layer, D(eff)/D of HEC-free coatings was as high as 0.20, which agreed with the value predicted from analysis of cryo-SEM images of the coat surface. D(eff)/D decreased by one-half in approximately 5 days in rehydrated SF091 coatings, indicating that significant wet coalescence occurs after glycerol, sucrose, or trehalose are leached from the films. D(eff)/D of SF091 latex trilayer coatings containing viable E. coli HB101 cells decreased as cell loading was increased from 2.2 x 10(-2) for 64 g dry cell weight per liter of coat volume to 5 x 10(-3) for 151 g DCW/L of coat volume. The reduction in coating permeability with increasing cell loading is predicted by Maxwell's equation for D(eff)/D in periodic composites.

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Studies on permeation through polymer latex films, III. Modification using soluble polymeric additives

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Microstructure of a Biocatalytic Latex Coating Containing Viable Escherichia coli Cells

Microstructure of a Biocatalytic Latex Coating Containing Viable Escherichia coli Cells

How the infrared radiation affects the film formation process from latexes?

Engineering the Microstructure and Permeability of Thin Multilayer Latex Biocatalytic Coatings Containing E. coli

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