Studies on polypyrrole modified nafion membrane for vanadium redox flow battery

Membrane Development for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

“…[39] Zeng et al did not report any VRFB performance data, but as mentioned in Section 2.3, a recent study by Schwenzer et al revealed that PPR coatings on Nafion membranes were not stable under VRFB operating conditions. [37] In 2005 Luo et al investigated a different fluorinated polymer, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), as a backbone for VRFB membranes.…”

“…It has been demonstrated that introducing increasing concentrations of ammonium ions into Nafion membranes decreases their water uptake and conductivity linearly with ammonium ion concentration, [50] and it has been suggested that tetrapropylammonium cations decreases transport properties in Nafion membranes by binding to sulfonic acid groups and forming hydrophilic clusters, thereby lowering the amount of sulfonic acid groups available for transport processes. [51] Nevertheless, as 1396 www.chemsuschem.org mentioned in Section 2.3, [37,39] the concept of introducing ammonium ion containing materials as cation-repelling layers into Nafion-based composite membranes has been explored by several groups. [23,37,39,45] By interfacial polymerization Luo et al introduced a positively charged layer of polyethylenimine (PEI) on the surface of N117.…”

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) reinforced sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes for vanadium redox flow battery application

“…Nafion is the most commonly used membrane in VRB due to its high proton conductivity, good mechanical and chemical stability. However, the extremely high cost and low ion selectivity (high vanadium crossover) of Nafion membrane have limited their further commercialization [7][8][9][10]. Thus alternative membranes for VRB are being researched in these years [11][12][13][14][15].…”

A Comparison of Materials and Treatment of Materials for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

“…Attempts to commercialise redox-flow batteries have so far been unsuccessful due to the high material costs, in particular those of the membrane and the electrode material. Numerous investigations in the past few years have therefore focused on the development of selective membranes with high ion conductivity and low water transportation [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], and also with cost-effective electrode materials with high electrical conductivity, reactivity and low porosity [15][16][17]. In this project chemical treatment of a variety of membranes was carried out.…”