Studies on reducing leakage current and improving breakdown voltage of large-area silicon detectors: technology and results

Mishra, Vijay; Chandratre, V.B.; Dixit, Mukul; Shrivastava, Vandana; Topkar, A.; Kataria, S. K.; Rao, Y. P. Prabhakar; Shankarnarayana, N.P

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.196

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The passivation layer provides electrical stability to the sensor. Three different design techniques, such as floating guard rings (FGR), metal overhang (MO) and deep junction depth [25][26][27][28][29][30][31], are implemented to ensure sufficiently high breakdown voltage. FGR redistributes the potential around the junction over a wide area covered by the guard rings, while the MO approach distributes the electric field and minimizes the corner effects.…”

Section: Design Of Silicon Pad Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total size of the sensor is ∼ 63 mm × 63 mm, where the actual size of each pad (P+) is 0.997 cm × 0.997 cm (optimized according to the study using Geant4 geometry simulation [24]). The shape of the individual pad is a square type with rounded corners to avoid premature edge breakdown -2 - Three different design techniques, such as floating guard rings (FGR), metal overhang (MO) and deep junction depth [25][26][27][28][29][30][31], are implemented to ensure sufficiently high breakdown voltage. FGR redistributes the potential around the junction over a wide area covered by the guard rings, while the MO approach distributes the electric field and minimizes the corner effects.…”

Section: Design Of Silicon Pad Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and characterization of a large area silicon pad array for an electromagnetic calorimeter

et al. 2021

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We present the research and development work of the first version of a 6×6 array of silicon pad detectors, carried out in India, for the proposed forward calorimeter (FOCAL) as part of the ALICE collaboration upgrade program at CERN. The primary motivation is to develop a large area silicon pad array realizing the challenging requirements of high-energy physics experiments such as low leakage current, high breakdown voltage and evaluate its performance as an active layer in the prototype silicon tungsten (Si-W) electromagnetic (EM) calorimeter. Towards these goals, a 36-pad silicon sensor with an individual pad size of ∼1 cm2 is designed on a 4-inch high resistivity N-type wafer and fabricated at Bharat Electronics Limited, Bangalore. The sensors have been used to assemble the prototype Si-W calorimeters and were successfully tested with high-energy particle beams. The design and development of the large area silicon sensor and its characterization using radioactive sources in the laboratory and high-energy particle beams are reported in this paper.

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Section: Design Of Silicon Pad Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Of Silicon Pad Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of a large area silicon pad array for an electromagnetic calorimeter

et al. 2021

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Section: Design Of Silicon Pad Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of a large area silicon pad array for an electromagnetic calorimeter

Mukhopadhyay,

Chandratre,

Muhuri

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We present the research and development work of the first version of a 6×6 array of silicon pad detectors, carried out in India, for the proposed forward calorimeter (FOCAL) as part of the ALICE collaboration upgrade program at CERN. The primary motivation is to develop a large area silicon pad array realizing the challenging requirements of high-energy physics experiments such as low leakage current, high breakdown voltage and evaluate its performance as an active layer in the prototype silicon tungsten (Si-W) electromagnetic (EM) calorimeter. Towards these goals, a 36-pad silicon sensor with an individual pad size of ∼1 cm 2 is designed on a 4-inch high resistivity N-type wafer and fabricated at Bharat Electronics Limited, Bangalore. The sensors have been used to assemble the prototype Si-W calorimeters and were successfully tested with high-energy particle beams. The design and development of the large area silicon sensor and its characterization using radioactive sources in the laboratory and high-energy particle beams are reported in this paper.

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“…High breakdown voltage and low leakage current are -3 - the essential features of silicon pad detectors for HEP experiments to compensate the performance degradation due to long term operation under large particle fluence. The design of the silicon pad is carried out with multiple FGR (Floating Guard Rings) and MO (Metal Overhang) over the individual pad to reduce the electric field crowding at the junction edge near the surface and thus improving the breakdown voltage [35]. Moreover gettering techniques and double implantation steps for the backside ohmic contact have been incorporated to reduce the leakage current of the large area silicon detectors.…”

Section: Silicon Pad Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and beam test of a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter

et al. 2020

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A : A silicon-tungsten (Si-W) sampling calorimeter, consisting of 19 alternate layers of silicon pad detectors (individual pad area of 1 cm 2 ) and tungsten absorbers (each of one radiation length), has been constructed for measurement of electromagnetic showers over a large energy range. The signal from each of the silicon pads is readout using an ASIC with a dynamic range from −300 fC to +500 fC. Another ASIC with a larger dynamic range, ±600 fC has been used as a test study. The calorimeter was exposed to pion and electron beams at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) to characterise the response to minimum ionising particles (MIP) and showers from electromagnetic (EM) interactions. Pion beams of 120 GeV provided baseline measurements towards the understanding of the MIP behaviour in the silicon pad layers, while electron beams of energy from 5 GeV to 60 GeV rendered detailed shower profiles within the calorimeter. The energy deposition in each layer, the longitudinal shower profile, and the total energy deposition have been measured for each incident electron energy. Linear behaviour of the total measured energy (E) with that of the incident particle energy (E 0 ) ensured satisfactory calorimetric performance. For a subset of the data sample, selected based on the cluster position of the electromagnetic shower of the incident electron, the dependence of the measured energy resolution on E 0 has been found to be σ/E = (15.36/ E 0 (GeV) ⊕ 2.0)%. K: Calorimeter, electromagnetic shower, silicon pad detectors, longitudinal profile, energy resolution.

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Studies on reducing leakage current and improving breakdown voltage of large-area silicon detectors: technology and results

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Development and characterization of a large area silicon pad array for an electromagnetic calorimeter

Development and characterization of a large area silicon pad array for an electromagnetic calorimeter

Development and characterization of a large area silicon pad array for an electromagnetic calorimeter

Fabrication and beam test of a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter

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