Studies on reef corals. II. Fine structure of planktonic planula larva of Pocillopora damicornis, with emphasis on the aboral epidermis

Vandermeulen, J. H.

doi:10.1007/bf00391949

Cited by 93 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Between the two tissue layers of anthozoan planulae, a basal membrane or mesogloea have been described for Acropora millepora (e.g. Hayward et al 2001) or for Pocillopora damicornis (Vandermeulen 1974), but we found no sign of such structures in cubozoan larvae. Instead, the tissue layers are in direct contact with each other without supporting or separating structures in between.…”

Section: Discussion (A) An Extremely Simple Body Plancontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…These may add to the larva's buoyancy, and aid in longterm survival, or serve as nutrition during the metamorphosis to a polyp. In Acropora the larval gastroderm is extremely rich in lipids, which assures a survival time of up to months (Mü ller & Leitz 2002), and similar-looking granules of Pocillopora larvae have been identified as lipidcontaining (Vandermeulen 1974). The nutritious content of the planula gastroderm has illustratively been called yolk, and when the larvae get older the granules have been shown to get vacuolized as the contents are metabolized (Widersten 1968).…”

Section: Discussion (A) An Extremely Simple Body Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A simple visual system without neurons in jellyfish larvae

Nordström

Wallén²,

Seymour

et al. 2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

100

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Earlier detailed studies of cnidarian planula larvae have revealed a simple nervous system but no eyes or identifiable light sensing structures. Here, we describe the planula of a box jellyfish, Tripedalia cystophora, and report that these larvae have an extremely simple organization with no nervous system at all. Their only advanced feature is the presence of 10-15 pigment-cup ocelli, evenly spaced across the posterior half of the larval ectoderm. The ocelli are single cell structures containing a cup of screening pigment filled with presumably photosensory microvilli. These rhabdomeric photoreceptors have no neural connections to any other cells, but each has a well-developed motor-cilium, appearing to be the only means by which light can control the behaviour of the larva. The ocelli are thus self-contained sensory-motor entities, making a nervous system superfluous.

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Section: Discussion (A) An Extremely Simple Body Plancontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussion (A) An Extremely Simple Body Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple visual system without neurons in jellyfish larvae

Nordström

Wallén²,

Seymour

et al. 2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

100

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show abstract

“…Induction of metamorphosis is assumed to be mediated by receptors that detect the external cue(s) and activate a signal-transduction pathway that triggers metamorphosis. The cell types (presumed to be located in the aboral region of planulae ;Vandermeulen 1974) that are involved in detecting and transducing such a signal must first be identified to comprehend the pathway itself. The present study offers some new insights into the induction of larval metamorphosis in a brooding coral, providing evidence that induction is dependent on very specific bacterial species that occur in natural marine biofilms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Settlement refers to the descent of the planula from the water column and its attachment at the aboral end to a substratum. This is subsequently followed by metamorphosis, which is characterized by the flattening of the larva in the oral-aboral direction, secretion of a calcareous base, and development of tentacle buds to form the polyp (Vandermeulen 1974). Metamorphosis, in the broader context of most invertebrate larvae, is usually an irreversible process (Hadfield 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larvae of Pocillopora damicornis (Anthozoa) settle and metamorphose in response to surface-biofilm bacteria

Tran¹,

Hadfield²

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

123

105

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Larvae of the scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis require a natural cue from surface-biofilm bacteria to select a suitable substratum on which to attach, metamorphose, and grow into a benthic polyp. In this study, bacteria were isolated from various reef surfaces, including different species of corals and algae, and glass slides that had been placed in the field for 1 to 2 mo. Settlement assays were conducted on monospecific biofilms of bacteria isolated from the field. Of 52 different isolates, 3 showed strongly inductive capacity, whereas the others were moderately to non-inductive. The isolates were identified by sequencing their 16S rRNA genes, and their phylogenetic relationships were then analyzed. There was no correlation between the inductive capacities of individual bacterial species and their phylogenetic relationships nor between their inductive capacities and the surfaces from which they were isolated. Varying the biofilm densities affected settlement only by a strongly inductive bacterial species. Different bacterial species may also affect the inductive capacities of other species when combined. The new data provided here broaden our understanding of the roles of bacteria in the recruitment of coral larvae.

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“…The distinct planulae of Pocillopora damicornis have been described in detail by Edmondson (1929), Harrigan (1972) and Vandermeulen (1974). Although the planulae of P. damicornis, Type B (Richmond & Jokiel 1984) may be smaller on the average than those of Type Y, there is no way to positively assign a given individual planula taken in a plankton tow to its proper type because of the large overlap in their size ranges.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and distribution of planktonic coral larvae in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii

Hodgson¹

1985

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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A plankton sampling program was designed for the capture of coral planulae. More than 250 surface tows were made with a small, fine-mesh net along 5 transects established near the southeast fringing reef of Coconut Island, Oahu, Hawaii. Time between collection and sorting was minimized, and low temperature storage was employed in lieu of chemical fixation to prevent decomposition of the planulae prior to identification. More than 20,000 cnidarian larvae were collected and sorted, of which 90 % were scleractinian planulae. Twelve different types of cnidarian larvae were recognized. Six were identified as the planulae of the corals Pocillopora damicornis, Porites compressa, Montipora verrucosa, M. dilitata, Cyphastrea ocellina and Fungia scutaria. Two appear to be the zoanthina larvae of the zoanthids Palythoa vestitus and Zoanthus pacificus. Peak recovery of planulae generally occurred 3 to 7 d after onset of spawning or planulation. Limited data indicate that some coral planulae may undertake diurnal migration, residing near the surface at night and moving to several meters depth during the day. The potential for the export of large numbers of coral planulae from Kaneohe Bay is considered high, but whether this export is significant to recruitment on reefs outside the bay remains to be determined.

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Studies on reef corals. II. Fine structure of planktonic planula larva of Pocillopora damicornis, with emphasis on the aboral epidermis

Cited by 93 publications

References 25 publications

A simple visual system without neurons in jellyfish larvae

A simple visual system without neurons in jellyfish larvae

Larvae of Pocillopora damicornis (Anthozoa) settle and metamorphose in response to surface-biofilm bacteria

Abundance and distribution of planktonic coral larvae in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii

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