Studies on Resistance of Strawberries to Mites. I. Effects of Plant Nitrogen12

Rodríguez, J. G.; Chaplin, C. E.; Stoltz, L. P.; Lasheen, A. M.

doi:10.1093/jee/63.6.1855

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…However, there were cases in which resistance assessments in other trials were different than those we assigned, even when the injury scores were very similar. For instance, 'Surecrop' received similar injury scores in two greenhouse studies (Chaplin et al, 1968;Rodriguez et al, 1970), and these ratings were very close to the damage score that we assigned to 'Surecrop'. However, in those studies, 'Surecrop' fell into an intermediate classification, while we ranked it among the susceptible group.…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

“…Although previous studies have used strawberry LDB to study mite behavior, survivorship, etc., they have employed evaluation criteria other than oviposition (e.g., egg viability and population growth) to assess differences among treatments and cultivars (Dabrowski and Rodriguez, 197 1;Hamilton-Kemp et al, 1988, 1989MacDonald et al, 1971;Rodriguez et al, 1970Rodriguez et al, , 1971. Therefore, as ovipositional rates are seldom reported, there are few, if any, benchmarks with which to compare the rates observed in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Screening of 76 Strawberry Cultivars for Twospotted Spider Mite Resistance

Ferrer¹,

Scheerens²,

Erb³

1993

HortSci

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Leaf disk bioassays based on oviposition and damage accrued during 72 hours were used to screen 76 strawberry (Fragaria spp.) cultivars for resistance to the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Oviposition rates (eggs/female per day) and damage scores were both highly variable, allowing cultivars to be classified, according to a combination of these two variables, into six categories of susceptibility or resistance: highly susceptible- `Canoga', `Ozark Beauty', `Scott', and `Tangi'; resistant—'Aiko', `Annapolis', `Apollo', `Bounty', `Cardinal', `Douglas', `Dover', `Fairfax', `Fern', `Floridabelle', `Glooscap', `Governor Simcoe', `Hecker', `Kent', `Pajaro', `Parker', `Rainier', `Redcoat', and `Vesper'; and highly resistant—`Profumata di Tortona' (F. moschata Duch.). Bioassay based on oviposition rates and damage scores was considered to be an efficient method to eliminate susceptible accessions from a breeding program, but authentication of putative resistance may require further testing in vivo.

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supporting

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Screening of 76 Strawberry Cultivars for Twospotted Spider Mite Resistance

Ferrer¹,

Scheerens²,

Erb³

1993

HortSci

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“…the same review, however, Scriber notes that "at least Schroeder and Malmer (1980) that are of potential nutritional significance (Autret, nitrogen and various fitness parameters (Rodriguez et 1970;Watson and Creaser, 1975;Yeoh and Watson, al., 1970;Hare, 1983;Horie and Watanabe, 1983;Yeoh et al, 1984Yeoh et al, , 1986. Brewer et al, 1985;Jansson and Smilowitz, 1985; It has been suggested that a nutritionally unbal- Broadway and Duffey, 1986;Schroeder, 1986).…”

Section: Introduchonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Scriber (1984), the literature contains "at least 115 different mosquitoes (Briegel, 1985), and larvae of the comstudies in which insect damage, growth, fecundity, or mercial silkworm moth Bombyx mori (Horie and numbers increased with increased plant nitrogen". In Inokuchi, 1978;Horie and Watanabe, 1983).the same review, however, Scriber notes that "at least Schroeder and Malmer (1980) (Rodriguez et 1970;Watson and Creaser, 1975; Yeoh and Watson, al., 1970;Hare, 1983;Horie and Watanabe, 1983;Yeoh et al, 1984Yeoh et al, , 1986. Brewer et al, 1985;Jansson and Smilowitz, 1985; It has been suggested that a nutritionally unbal- Broadway and Duffey, 1986;Schroeder, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of quantity and quality of diet nitrogen on the growth, efficiency of food utilization, nitrogen budget, and metabolic rate of fifth-instar Spodoptera eridania larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Karowe

Martin

1989

Journal of Insect Physiology

121

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Abstract-Relative growth rate and relative nitrogen accumulation rate for fifth-instar Spodoptera eridania larvae vary less than 20% on artificial diets in which protein content varies more than 250%, due to compensatory adjustments in consumption rate and changes in efficiencies of food and nitrogen utilization. The substitution of zein for two-thirds of the casein in a diet containing 26.0% protein results in a 25% decrease in both relative growth and nitrogen accumulation rates, due to reduced values of relative consumption rate, relative nitrogen consumption rate, approximate digestibility, approximate digestibility of nitrogen and efficiency of conversion of digested nitrogen. Although larval growth rate is relatively independent of diet nitrogen, larval composition is highly dependent upon both nitrogen quantity and quality. As diet nitrogen increases, larval nitrogen content increases and fat content decreases. Larvae on diets containing a mixture of casein and zein produce 3.53.9 times as much uric acid and respire at rates significantly higher than larvae on diets containing the same total amount of protein but lacking zein. Thus, there is a measurable metabolic cost associated with processing low quality protein. We conclude, however, that elevated metabolic rates of larvae on diets containing nutritionally unbalanced protein are not the cause of reduced growth rates. On these diets, growth is limited by an amino acid present in limiting quantities, and the elevated metabolic rate is due, at least in part, to increased synthesis of uric acid.Finally, we discuss the possibility that variation in amino acid profiles across host plant species might be a factor favouring specialization in insect herbivores.Key Word Index: Southern armyworm, Spodoptera eriaimia, growth, nutritional indices, food utilization, nitrogen budget, uric acid production, respiration rate, metabolic cost INTRODUCHONThe nutritional quality of a protein is a function ofThe importance of dietary nitrogen as a factor influits amino acid composition.The critical importance encing both the fitness of individual herbivorous of the amino acid composition of the diet to growth insects and the dynamics of insect populations has and reproduction in insects has been elegantly docubeen extensively documented (Slansky and Feeny, mented in studies of several species of aphids (Dadd and Krieger, 1968;Retnakaran and Beck, 1968; van 1977;McNeil1 and Southwood, 1978;Mattson, 1980;Emden, 1972; Carter and cole, lg77), adult Lee er al., 1983;Scriber, 1984). According to Scriber (1984), the literature contains "at least 115 different mosquitoes (Briegel, 1985), and larvae of the comstudies in which insect damage, growth, fecundity, or mercial silkworm moth Bombyx mori (Horie and numbers increased with increased plant nitrogen". In Inokuchi, 1978;Horie and Watanabe, 1983).the same review, however, Scriber notes that "at least Schroeder and Malmer (1980) (Rodriguez et 1970;Watson and Creaser, 1975; Yeoh and Watson, al., 1970;Hare, 1983;Horie and Watanab...

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“…Populations of the twospotted spider mite (TSSM) infest strawberry fields during spring and early summer but diminish to noneconomic levels during midsummer (Rodriguez and Rodriguez, 1987;Shanks and Barritt, 1975). A seasonal change in foliar susceptibility, correlated to natural pest population problems, was observed in field-and greenhouse-grown strawberries using a detached leaf disk bioassay (Chaplin et al, 1968;Dabrowski et al, 1971;Hamilton-Kemp et al, 1989;Rodriguez et al, 1970). Strawberry foliage was susceptible to TSSM in spring, exhibited increasing resistance during fruiting, and became susceptible again in September.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daylength and Resistance of Strawberry Foliage to the Twospotted Spider Mite

Patterson¹,

Archbold²,

Rodríguez³

et al. 1994

HortSci

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The influence of long and short daylengths on twospotted spider mite (TSSM) (Tetranychus urticae Koch) resistance of strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) foliage was studied. Photoperiods of 8 hours (short daylength) and continuous light (long daylength) altered the seasonal change in susceptibility of `Redchief' strawberry foliage to TSSM. Plants exposed to continuous light rapidly became resistant, those exposed to short daylength remained relatively susceptible, and plants under natural daylength exhibited the seasonal change of slowly increasing resistance. Plants resistant to TSSM under long daylength became susceptible 19 days after being switched to a short daylength. Plants that were switched from short to long daylength changed from TSSM susceptible to resistant. Field-grown plants of `Redchief', a short-day sensitive cultivar, and `Tribute', a day-neutral cultivar, exhibited increasing resistance to TSSM from 2 weeks before bloom until 2 weeks into harvest when greatest resistance was observed. These results suggest that TSSM resistance in strawberry is influenced by daylength and that this effect may be independent of daylength effects on strawberry reproductive development.

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Studies on Resistance of Strawberries to Mites. I. Effects of Plant Nitrogen12

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

In Vitro Screening of 76 Strawberry Cultivars for Twospotted Spider Mite Resistance

In Vitro Screening of 76 Strawberry Cultivars for Twospotted Spider Mite Resistance

The effects of quantity and quality of diet nitrogen on the growth, efficiency of food utilization, nitrogen budget, and metabolic rate of fifth-instar Spodoptera eridania larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Daylength and Resistance of Strawberry Foliage to the Twospotted Spider Mite

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