Studies on the Acoustico-Lateralis System of Beloniform Fishes in Connection with Their Systematics

The trophic ecology, functional morphology and phylogeny of the hemiramphidae (beloniformes)

“…A premaxillary canal is present in belonids and scomberesocids (Parin & Astakhov, 1982;Collette et al, 1984). This structure is unique among teleosts (Collette et al, 1984) and is therefore apomorphic to the Scomberesocoidea.…”

“…0 -premaxillary canal lacking -zenarchopterines, hemiramphines and Exocoetidae 1 -premaxillary canal developed -Belonidae [Scomberesocidae (Parin & Astakhov, 1982)]. …”

“…For example, Nichols and Breder (1928) considered that "phylogenetically the cleavage between the Belonidae and Hemiramphidae seemed a deep one". Further to this, recent analysis of their acoustico-lateralis systems has yielded characters that further insulate the Scomberesocoidea from the Exocoetoidea (Parin & Astakhov, 1982).…”

“…Rosen, 1964;Greenwood et al, 1966). Indeed, Parin and Astakhov (1982) reported that the absence of . discriminatory differences between exocoetid and hemiramphid acoustico-lateralis systems supported the unification of these two families.…”

“…Certain modem analytical techniques are available and the application of these might not only throw light upon the unusual alimentary specializations of hemiramphids but, also on certain anomalies (e.g. Parin & Astakhov, 1982) associated with the suggested systematic status and the possible phylogeny of the Hemiramphidae.…”