Studies on the Degradation of Fibrinogen by Proteolytic Enzymes from the Larvae of Lanomia achelous (Cramer)

Arocha-Piñango, Carmen Luisa; Perales, Jonás; Carvajal, Zoila

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1650177

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Considering the high levels of FDP's it was surprising to observe no inhibitory effect (total correction with normal plasma). "In vitro" we have been able to demonstrate that the human fibrinogen split fragments behave electrophoretically and immunologically very differently in comparison to those obtained through the "classical" plasmin degradation (26). Presumably, "in vivo" the venom's enzymes are capable of inducing a heterogeneous group of FDP's: some originate from the typical fibrinolytic pathway, while others evolve when enzymatic activities are targeted on different sites of the fibrinoger/fibrin molecules.…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Six New Cases of a Caterpillar-Induced Bleeding Syndrome

et al. 1992

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SummaryWe describe six new cases of a hemorrhagic diathesis induced by contact with Lonomia achelous caterpillars. Onset of clinical bleeding varied between a few hours and 10 days post-exposure. Laboratory coagulation tests showed prolonged PT, PTT and ThT; normal platelets and a marked decrease of fibrinogen, factor V, plasminogen and factor XIII (including its subunits A and S). Factors VII, II and alfa 2 anti-plasmin were variably affected. In addition, activation of the fibrinolytic system and the generation of a procoagulant effect could also be demonstrated. Two cases developed severe hemorrhagic diathesis and one of them died of a cerebral hemorrhage. Different aspects of this rare syndrome are discussed in relation to its complex physiopathology and the variability observed in all clinical and laboratory manifestations. Therapeutic recommendations and some possible hazards following replacement transfusions are also considered.

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Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Six New Cases of a Caterpillar-Induced Bleeding Syndrome

et al. 1992

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“…The venom and the fibrinolytic fractions degrade fibrin(ogen) in vitro. However, the digestion products obtained are completely different from the plasmin or trypsin digestion products, indicating a different mode of action (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fibrinolytic action on fresh human clots of whole body extracts and two semipurified fractions from Lonomia achelous caterpillar

Coll-Sangrona

Arocha-Piñango

1998

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The severe bleeding diathesis produced by intoxication with the venom of Lonomia achelous caterpillars is characterized by prolonged bleeding from superficial skin wounds as well as massive hemorrhage into body cavities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the crude venom and its fibrinolytic fractions on in vitro lysis of whole blood clots. Venom fractions with fibrinolytic activity were obtained by gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G75 using imidazole buffer, pH 7.4, at a flow rate of 24 ml/h. Four peaks with fibrinolytic activity were obtained by this method. The highest activity was found in the first two peaks (both peaks were used for the experiments). The results show that the caterpillar venom degraded the preformed clots at a slower rate than plasmin. In addition, plasma protease inhibitors of the fibrinolytic system (α2-antiplasmin, α2-macroglobulin, PAI, etc.) only weakly inhibited the lytic effect of the caterpillar venom. These characteristics, as well as the pattern of fibrinogen degradation products, the delay period on fibrin plate lysis and amidolytic activity on chromogenic substrate, reported previously, indicate that the caterpillar enzymes are different from plasmin and trypsin. Correspondence

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“…Their amino acid sequences exhibit high similarity to other lepidopteran larva serine proteinases [16]. Lonomin II degrades Fg, forming fragments different from those produced by plasmin and trypsin with a very rapid degradation of the ·-chain [17]. These findings may explain the noninhibitory effect of high levels of Fg degradation products found in the patients as demonstrated by total correction of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time by normal plasma [1,7,8].…”

Section: Anticoagulant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Lonomia</i> Genus Caterpillar Envenomation: Clinical and Biological Aspects

Arocha-Piñango

Guerrero²

2001

Pathophysiol Haemos Thromb

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Persons who have been in contact with Lonomia achelous or Lonomia obliqua caterpillars present external and internal bleeding and opening of recently healed wounds. Hematological tests show normal platelet count, prolonged prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time, totally corrected by normal plasma. Decreased fibrinogen (Fg), factor (F) V, FXIII, plasminogen and α₂-antiplasmin with increased FVIII: C, von Willebrand factor, Fg degradation products and D dimers. Tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor and protein C varied. In L. achelous biological fluids, compounds with anticoagulant or procoagulant properties have been identified. In L. obliqua bristle extracts, mainly procoagulant activities have been identified. Subcutaneous injections of L. achelous crude extracts and a semipurified fraction reduce Fg, plasminogen and FXIII in rabbits. Intravenous injections of a very purified fraction of L. achelous in rabbits produce lysis of preformed thrombi, a decrease of Fg, plasminogen, α₂-antiplasmin, FXIII and inhibition of postthrombolytic thrombus growth. Subcutaneous injections of L. obliqua bristle extracts prolong prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time and reduce FXIII. Intravenous injections of crude bristle extract and a purified fraction of L. obliqua induce disseminated intravascular coagulation.

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Studies on the Degradation of Fibrinogen by Proteolytic Enzymes from the Larvae of Lanomia achelous (Cramer)

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Six New Cases of a Caterpillar-Induced Bleeding Syndrome

Six New Cases of a Caterpillar-Induced Bleeding Syndrome

Fibrinolytic action on fresh human clots of whole body extracts and two semipurified fractions from Lonomia achelous caterpillar

<i>Lonomia</i> Genus Caterpillar Envenomation: Clinical and Biological Aspects

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