STUDIES ON THE DIAPAUSE FACTOR‐PRODUCING CELLS IN THE SUBOESOPHAGEAL GANGLION OF THE SILKWORM, <i>BOMBYX MORI</i> L.

Fukuda, Soichi; Takeuchi, Shigeo

doi:10.1111/j.1440-169x.1967.tb00234.x

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thus, it is most likely that the Lb cell is an exclusive source responsible for releasing of DH. This notion strongly supports the results of experimental morphological-studies (Fukuda and Takeuchi, 1967;Ichikawa et al ., 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Firing Activities of Neurosecretory Cells Producing Diapause Hormone and its Related Peptides in the Female Silkmoth, Bombyx mori. I. Lbial Cells

Ichikawa

2003

Zoological Science

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There are three known clusters of neurosecretory cells expressing a gene encoding diapause hormone (DH) and four related peptides in the suboesophageal ganglion (SOG) of Bombyx mori. Long-term chronic recordings were made from the axonal tract (NCC-3) of a pair of cells localized in the labial (posterior) neuromere of SOG during pupal-adult development. There was a significant difference in firing activity patterns of the labial neurosecretory cells between diapause-egg and non-diapause-egg producers: labial cells in the former were active throughout pupal-adult development, whereas the same cells in the latter usually maintained an inactive state until the last quarter of pupal-adult development, a time at which a secretion of DH seems to be too late to act on the developing ovary for the induction of diapausing eggs. This observation strongly supports the notion that labial cells release DH and are responsible for determination of embryonic diapause in the silkmoth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Firing Activities of Neurosecretory Cells Producing Diapause Hormone and its Related Peptides in the Female Silkmoth, Bombyx mori. I. Lbial Cells

Ichikawa

2003

Zoological Science

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“…In Culex pipiens , FOXO (forkhead box protein O) was found to play crucial roles in two characters during diapause: fat hypertrophy and extended lifespan [ 24 ]. There has been extensive research on B. mori diapause, and the diapause hormone was discovered and named in this species [ 25 – 27 ]. Analogs of this hormone have been found in Heliothis virescens and Helicoverpa armigera [ 28 , 29 ], but their function contrasts with that of B. mori by ending diapause rather than inducing it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo transcriptome sequencing and analysis of Coccinella septempunctata L. in non-diapause, diapause and diapause-terminated states to identify diapause-associated genes

Zhang

Han

et al. 2015

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundThe most common ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L., is an excellent predator of crop pests such as aphids and white flies, and it shows a wide range of adaptability, a large appetite and a high reproductive ability. Diapause research plays an important role in the artificial propagation and shelf-life extension of insect products. Although this lady beetle’s regulatory, physiological and biochemical characteristics in the diapause period are well understood, the molecular mechanism of diapause remains unknown. Therefore, we collected female adults in three different states, i.e., non-diapause, diapause and diapause termination, for transcriptome sequencing.ResultsAfter transcriptome sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform with pretreatment, a total of 417.6 million clean reads from nine samples were filtered using the program FASTX (version 0.0). Additionally, 106,262 contigs were assembled into 82,820 unigenes with an average length of 921 bp and an N50 of 1,241 bp. All of the unigenes were annotated through BLASTX alignment against the Nr or UniProt database, and 37,872 unigenes were matched. We performed further analysis of these unigenes using the Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG), Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Through pairwise comparisons of the non-diapause (ND), diapause (D), and diapause-terminated (DT) groups, 3,501 and 1,427 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between D and ND and between DT and D, respectively. Moreover, 443 of the DEGs were specifically expressed during the diapause period (i.e., DEGs that were expressed at the highest or lowest levels during diapause compared with the other stages). GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment were performed on all DEGs and showed that RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity and fatty acid metabolism were significantly affected. Furthermore, eight specific expressed genes were selected for validation using qRT-PCR. Among these eight genes, seven genes were up-regulated, and one gene was down-regulated; the change trends of the eight genes were the same between the qRT-PCR and RNA-seq analysis results.ConclusionsIn this study, a new method for collecting and identifying diapause insects was described. We generated a vast quantity of transcriptome data from C. septempunctata L., providing a resource for gene function research. The diapause-associated genes that we identified establish a foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of diapause.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2309-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The neuroanatomy and peptide immunocytochemistry of the neuroendocrine cells of the brain of M. sexta have been studied extensively (Copenhaver and Truman, 1986;Homberg et al, 1991;O'Brien et al, 1988;Truman and Copenhaver, 1989; Veenstra and Hagedorn, 1991;gitiian et al, 1995), and the chemical identities of several neu-rohormones from the brain of M. sexta have been determined [e.g., eclosion hormone (Kataoka et al, 1987;Marti et al, 1987), diuretic hormone (Kataoka et al, 1989a) allatotropin (Kataoka et al, 1989b), corazonin (Veenstra, 1991), diuretic peptide (Blackburn et al, 19911, allatostatin (Kramer et al, 199113. Neuroendocrine cells in the subesophageal ganglion (SeG) are also an important source of neurohormones released by the CC and CA of insects, but the anatomy of these cells and the hormones that they produce have not been studied as well as have those of the brain. In various species of Lepidoptera, however, the SeG has been shown to be a source of a diapause hormone (Fukuda and Takeuchi, 1967), melanization, and reddish coloration hormone (Morita et al, 1988;Ogura, 1975), and pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN; Kitamura et al, 1989;Masler et al, 1994;Raina et al, 1989). These hormones are all members of a family of structurally related neuropeptides, in that their C-termini end in FXPRL-NH2 (Nachman et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomy and immunocytochemistry of the median neuroendocrine cells of the subesophageal ganglion of the tobacco hawkmoth,Manduca sexta: Immunoreactivities to PBAN, and other neuropeptides

Davis

Homberg

Teal

et al. 1996

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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The median neuroendocrine cells of the subesophageal ganglion, important components of the neuroendocrine system of the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta, have not been well investigated. Therefore, we studied the anatomy of these cells by axonal backfills and characterized their peptide immunoreactivities. Both larvae and adults were examined, and developmental changes in these neuroendocrine cells were followed. Processes of the median neuroendocrine cells project to terminations in the corpora cardiaca via the third and the ventral nerves of this neurohemal organ, but the ventral nerve of the corpus cardiacum is the principal neurohemal surface for this system. Cobalt backfills of the third cardiacal nerves revealed lateral cells in the maxillary neuromere and a ventro‐median pair in the labial neuromere. Backfills of the ventral cardiacal nerves revealed two ventro‐median pairs of cells in the mandibular neuromere and two ventro‐median triplets in the maxillary neuromere. The efferent projections of these cells are contralateral. The anatomy of the system is basically the same in larvae and adults. The three sets of median neuroendocrine cells are PBAN‐ and FMRFamide‐immunoreactive, but only the mandibular and maxillary cells are proctolin‐immunoreactive. During metamorphosis, the mandibular and maxillary cells also acquire CCK‐like immunoreactivity and the labial cells become SCP‐ and sulfakinin‐immunoreactive. Characteristics of FMRFamide‐like immunostaining suggest that the median neuroendocrine cells may contain one or more of the FLRFamides that have been identified in M. sexta. The mandibular and maxillary neuroendocrine cells appear to produce the same set of hormones, and a somewhat different set of hormones is produced by the labial neuroendocrine cells. Two pairs of interneurons immunologically related to the neurosecretory cells are associated with the median maxillary neuroendocrine cells. These cells are PBAN‐, FMRFamide‐, SCP‐, and sulfakinin‐immunoreactive and project to arborizations in the brain and all ventral ganglia. These interneurons appear to have extensive modulatory functions in the CNS. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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STUDIES ON THE DIAPAUSE FACTOR‐PRODUCING CELLS IN THE SUBOESOPHAGEAL GANGLION OF THE SILKWORM, BOMBYX MORI L.

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Firing Activities of Neurosecretory Cells Producing Diapause Hormone and its Related Peptides in the Female Silkmoth, Bombyx mori. I. Lbial Cells

Firing Activities of Neurosecretory Cells Producing Diapause Hormone and its Related Peptides in the Female Silkmoth, Bombyx mori. I. Lbial Cells

De novo transcriptome sequencing and analysis of Coccinella septempunctata L. in non-diapause, diapause and diapause-terminated states to identify diapause-associated genes

Neuroanatomy and immunocytochemistry of the median neuroendocrine cells of the subesophageal ganglion of the tobacco hawkmoth,Manduca sexta: Immunoreactivities to PBAN, and other neuropeptides

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