Studies on the Elastic Properties of Human Isolated Aorta

Hallock, Phillip; Benson, Ikel C.

doi:10.1172/jci100886

Cited by 296 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…7 ' 9 Steele 7 has shown that pulse wave velocity is directly related to diastolic pressure. When diastolic pressure was altered, the velocity changed correspondingly, but when systolic pressure was altered without a change in diastolic pressure, there was no change in wave velocity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aortic pulse wave velocity, elasticity, and composition in a nonhuman primate model of atherosclerosis.

Farrar¹,

Green²,

Bond³

et al. 1978

Circulation Research

119

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SUMMARY Aortic pulse wave velocity was determined in Macaca fascicularis monkeys fed either atherogenic or control diets for 36 months. The foot-to-foot velocity and apparent phase velocities of the second through seventh Fourier harmonics at a given diastolic pressure in the atherosclerotic monkeys were 1.5 to 2.0 times the values for the control animals. More than 80% of the aortic intimal surface of the atherosclerotic monkeys was covered with fibrous or fatty plaque, which approximately doubled wall thickness and wall thickness to radius ratio. Angiochemical evaluations showed no difference in collagen or elastin concentration (as a fraction of lipid and mineral-free dried aorta), but the atherosclerotic aortas were 1.5 to 2.0 times that of control in collagen and elastin content (defined as the absolute quantity beneath a square centimeter of intimal surface). Total cholesterol and calcium concentrations in the atherosclerotic aortas were more than 10 times the values for the control aortas. The static circumferential distensibility of the excised atherosclerotic aortas was significantly less than control, but there was no difference in incremental (Young's) modulus of elasticity. The in vitro pressure-strain elastic modulus of the atherosclerotic aortas was more than twice that of control, which was predicted from the enhanced wave velocity. The significantly increased stiffness of the atherosclerotic arteries appeared to be due mainly to the increased wall thickness caused by the atherosclerotic plaques rather than to material changes described by Young's modulus. Extensive medial damage, however, also was present and could have had a major influence on stiffness. Atherosclerosis therefore can result in increased aortic stiffening, detectable by pulse wave velocity, even if there is no change in the overall Young's modulus of elasticity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 ' 6 " 8 Increased pulse wave velocity associated with aging apparently accompanies an increase in arterial rigidity 9 " 11 due to changes in wall thickness and elastic modulus. 9 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aortic pulse wave velocity, elasticity, and composition in a nonhuman primate model of atherosclerosis.

Farrar¹,

Green²,

Bond³

et al. 1978

Circulation Research

119

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show abstract

“…Previous investigators have shown differential AC to decrease with increasing MAP in several different species (e.g., [10], [26], and [27]). If this pattern applied to our swine model, then we would expect our technique to overestimate grossly CO at high MAP states and underestimate CO at low MAP states (i.e., strong, positive correlation between CO error and MAP).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Continuous Cardiac Output Monitoring by Peripheral Blood Pressure Waveform Analysis

Mukkamala

Reisner

Hojman

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

110

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Abstract-A clinical method for monitoring cardiac output (CO) should be continuous, minimally invasive, and accurate. However, none of the conventional CO measurement methods possess all of these characteristics. On the other hand, peripheral arterial blood pressure (ABP) may be measured reliably and continuously with little or no invasiveness. We have developed a novel technique for continuously monitoring changes in CO by mathematical analysis of a peripheral ABP waveform. In contrast to the previous techniques, our technique analyzes the ABP waveform over time scales greater than a cardiac cycle in which the confounding effects of complex wave reflections are attenuated. The technique specifically analyzes 6-min intervals of ABP to estimate the pure exponential pressure decay that would eventually result if pulsatile activity abruptly ceased (i.e., after the high frequency wave reflections vanish). The technique then determines the time constant of this exponential decay, which equals the product of the total peripheral resistance and the nearly constant arterial compliance, and computes proportional CO via Ohm's law. To validate the technique, we performed six acute swine experiments in which peripheral ABP waveforms and aortic flow probe CO were simultaneously measured over a wide physiologic range. We report an overall CO error of 14.6%.

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“…is 0.25 sec. (16). The curve approximates a half sine wave, therefore the sine wave duration would be 0.5 sec.…”

Section: Analysis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Validity of the Electrokymographic Method for Measurement of Diameter Change of the Aorta and Pulmonary Artery During Circulatory Disturbance1

Kay

Woods²,

Zinsser³

et al. 1949

J. Clin. Invest.

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Studies on the Elastic Properties of Human Isolated Aorta

Cited by 296 publications

References 6 publications

Aortic pulse wave velocity, elasticity, and composition in a nonhuman primate model of atherosclerosis.

Aortic pulse wave velocity, elasticity, and composition in a nonhuman primate model of atherosclerosis.

Continuous Cardiac Output Monitoring by Peripheral Blood Pressure Waveform Analysis

The Validity of the Electrokymographic Method for Measurement of Diameter Change of the Aorta and Pulmonary Artery During Circulatory Disturbance1

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