Studies on the Estimation of Cardiac Ouptut in Man, and of Abnormalities in Cardiac Function, From the Heart's Recoil and the Blood's Impacts; The Ballistocardiogram

Abstract

The APS Journal Legacy Content is the corpus of 100 years of historical scientific research from the American Physiological Society research journals. This package goes back to the first issue of each of the APS journals including the American Journal of Physiology, first published in 1898. The full text scanned images of the printed pages are easily searchable. Downloads quickly in PDF format.

Ballistocardiography and Seismocardiography: A Review of Recent Advances

“…Note that for preserving the accuracy of 267 time interval detection from the BCG, such as the R-J interval 268 between the ECG and BCG, analog and digital low-pass filtering 269 operations should not use a cutoff frequency lower than 25 Hz 270 [37]. BCG measurement on a scale has also been successfully 271 demonstrated by Gonzalez-Landaeta et al [38] and Shin et al 272 [39], and in all studies the shape and amplitude of the signal is 273 very similar to the traditional BCG recordings taken by Starr 274 et al nearly a century earlier [1].…”

“…A S detailed in the following sections, the ballistocardio-23 gram (BCG) is a measurement of the recoil forces of the 24 body in reaction to cardiac ejection of blood into the vascula-25 ture [1], while the seismocardiogram (SCG) represents the local 26 vibrations of the chest wall in response to the heartbeat [2]. 27 The BCG phenomenon was first observed in 1877 by Gordon,28 with the finding that, as a subject would stand on a weighing 29 scale, the needle would vibrate synchronously to the subject's 30 heartbeat [3].…”

“…27 The BCG phenomenon was first observed in 1877 by Gordon,28 with the finding that, as a subject would stand on a weighing 29 scale, the needle would vibrate synchronously to the subject's 30 heartbeat [3]. Nearly 60 years later, Starr and colleagues created 31 an instrument in the form of a table with a mobile top surface 32 to measure the BCG in a repeatable scientific manner [1]. The 33 SCG was first observed by Bozhenko in 1961, and was first 34 applied in clinical studies 30 years later in 1991 by Salerno and 35 Zanetti [4].…”

“…For this measurement, z corresponded to the 120 dorso-ventral, y to the head-to-foot, and x to the right-to-left 121 lateral components of the SCG. The labels of the peaks and val-122 leys of the dorso-ventral components shown in this figure are 123 according to [16], [17]; for the BCG, the labels are according 124 to [1]. For the SCG, the labels correspond to the physiological 125 event they are believed to represent: MC, mitral valve closure; 126 IVC, isovolumetric contraction; AO, aortic valve opening; RE, 127 rapid ejection; AC, aortic valve closure; MO, mitral valve open-128 ing; and RF, rapid filling.…”

The digital blood flow, arterial pressure, and vascular resistance in arterial hypertension and in coronary thrombosis

“…The relatively accurate Fick (10) and acetylene (11) methods are time-consuming and too disturbing for use in seriously ill patients. The more indirect methods, such as the ballistocardiographic technique (12) and the methods of B6ger and Wezler (4) and of Bazett, Cotton, Laplace and Scott (5), are fairly accurate when applied to normal subjects but introduce considerable error, especially in the abnormal patient. The use of the brachial arterial blood pressure to indicate pressure in the ascending aorta may also introduce some error, especially in the presence of circulatory disturbances.…”