Studies on the Expansion of the Leaf Surface: V. CELL DIVISION AND EXPANSION IN A DEVELOPING LEAF AS INFLUENCED BY LIGHT AND UPPER LEAVES

Wilson, GL

doi:10.1093/jxb/17.3.440

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Consistent with the view of Green (1973), this resulted in an unchanged epidermal cell area. The final leaf area was therefore tightly related to epidermal cell number, consistent with results of Dengler (1980) on sunflower leaves, of Wilson (1966) and Newton (1963) on leaves of Cucumis sativus. However, plants which received very low PPFD had larger cells than control plants, so cell division was more affected than leaf expansion in this case.…”

Section: Epidermal Cell Area and Coordination Between Cell Division Asupporting

confidence: 84%

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Leaf expansion and cell division are affected by reducing absorbed light before but not after the decline in cell division rate in the sunflower leaf

Granier

Tardieu

1999

Plant Cell & Environment

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The effect of absorbed photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) on leaf expansion is a key issue for analysing the phenotypic variability between plants and for modelling feedback loops. Expansion and epidermal cell division in leaf 8 of sunflower were analysed in a series of five experiments where absorbed photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was reduced either by shading or by covering part of the leaf area. These treatments were imposed at different times during leaf development. Expansion and cell division were affected by a reduction in absorbed PPFD only in the first part of leaf development, while the leaf area was less than 2% of its final value and while absolute expansion rate was slow. In contrast, it was not affected if imposed later when the leaf was visible and absolute expansion rate was at maximum. A reduction in absorbed PPFD caused the same reduction in expansion and in cell division whether it was due to a reduction in incident PPFD or to a reduction in photosynthetic leaf area, suggesting that carbon metabolism was involved. Relative expansion rate recovered to control levels when relative division rate began to decline, in all experiments and in all zones of a leaf. This was probably linked to the source-sink transition, after which the leaf had such a high priority in carbon allocation that it was largely insensitive to changes in absorbed PPFD. The final leaf area was therefore closely related to the cumulated PPFD absorbed by the plant from leaf initiation to the end of exponential cell division.

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Section: Epidermal Cell Area and Coordination Between Cell Division Asupporting

confidence: 84%

“…1963; Wilson 1966;Dengler 1980) or negatively (Volenec & Nelson 1982;Lichtenthaler 1983;Schnyder & Nelson 1988). Furthermore, contradictory effects of PPFD have been reported between different leaves of a plant (Dale 1976(Dale , 1988.…”

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confidence: 99%

Leaf expansion and cell division are affected by reducing absorbed light before but not after the decline in cell division rate in the sunflower leaf

Granier

Tardieu

1999

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…A rapid analysis could lead to the conclusion that Eqn 1 is acceptable because a change in the C balance of the plant due to a decrease in PPFD causes a reduction in leaf area (Wilson, 1966 ;Dengler, 1980). We have shown recently that sunflower leaves located in positions 15-25 on the stem are up to 10 times larger in plants subjected to a mean PPFD of 55 mol m −# d −" during leaf expansion, than in those subjected to 11 mol m −# d −" (O.…”

Section: Is Leaf Expansion Rate Related To Leaf Carbon Budget ?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling leaf expansion in a fluctuating environment: are changes in specific leaf area a consequence of changes in expansion rate?

1999

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Leaf expansion rate varies with leaf temperature, photon flux density (PPFD), evaporative demand and soil water status. In most simulation models, it is calculated every day by multiplying the amount of carbohydrate available to leaves by specific leaf area (SLA). However, leaf expansion rate is considerably reduced by mild water deficits which do not affect photosynthesis, and is not affected by a reduction in the PPFD intercepted during rapid leaf expansion. Specific leaf area undergoes a several-fold variability depending on PPFD, soil water status and time of day. It is increased when environmental conditions have a greater depressive effect on expansion rate than on photosynthesis, and is decreased in the opposite case. It is therefore appropriate to model leaf expansion independently of the plant carbon budget. Consistent characteristics can be deduced from a series of experiments, allowing a model of leaf expansion to be proposed. (i) Time courses of relative leaf expansion rate and of epidermal cell division rate are well conserved within a plant and across a large range of environmental conditions, provided that durations and rates are expressed in thermal time. Maximum relative rates are common to all zones of a leaf and to all leaves of a plant, in maize and sunflower. (ii) A water deficit, or a reduction in intercepted PPFD, imposed in the first half of the period of leaf development affects the relative expansion rate in the deficit only, but permanently affects the absolute expansion rate. In contrast, a reduction in PPFD causes no effect on leaf expansion if imposed in the rapid expansion period when the leaf is autotrophic. (iii) Expansion rate is related to evaporative demand and to the concentration of ABA in the xylem sap with relationships that apply under both field and laboratory conditions. (iv) Tissue expansion and epidermal cell division behave as independent processes which determine epidermal cell area at each time.

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“…Some refer to the "typical" leaf whose growth characteristics are derived from those of successive leaves on the shoot, or to single leaves at specified nodes. Such studies have been made of the tobacco leaf (Avery 1933), the strawberry leaf (Arney 1954), the leaflets of Trifolium repens (Denne 1966), the fifth leaf of Lupinus albus and the second pair and the tenth leaf of Helianthus annuus (Sunderland 1960), the first two leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris (Dale 1964), and the third leaf of cucumber (Wilson 1966).…”

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confidence: 99%

Leaf Growth and Development in the Young Tobacco Plant

Hannam¹

1968

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryThe growth of the vegetative shoot of tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L., and the associated changes in dry weight of the whole plant and its major parts are described. By means of serial reconstruction, the volume changes of successive young leaf primordia are followed, and this information is integrated with the dry weight data for older leaves.Initially the relative growth rates of the primordia are very high (about 1· 6 per day), but fall rapidly for 2 or 3 days to about 1·1 per day. At this level growth is exponential for a few days. The relative growth rate starts to fall again before leaf emergence, and then falls asymptotically to zero during leaf expansion.Correlations are noted between major changes in relative growth rate and vascular differentiation in the primordium. The eighth leaf is described in detail in terms of increase in cell number in both lamina and vein tissue. At first the primordium consists only of vein-like tissue; the lamina is initiated after 2 or 3 days, and its relative growth rate is higher than that of the veins for a considerable time. The proportion of cells in the vein tissue at leaf emergence is greater at higher leaf positions.The pattern of leaf growth is contrasted with that for the wheat leaf, and it is suggested that the two patterns may be dependent on different modes of vascular differentiation in the shoots.

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Studies on the Expansion of the Leaf Surface: V. CELL DIVISION AND EXPANSION IN A DEVELOPING LEAF AS INFLUENCED BY LIGHT AND UPPER LEAVES

Cited by 38 publications

References 13 publications

Leaf expansion and cell division are affected by reducing absorbed light before but not after the decline in cell division rate in the sunflower leaf

Leaf expansion and cell division are affected by reducing absorbed light before but not after the decline in cell division rate in the sunflower leaf

Modelling leaf expansion in a fluctuating environment: are changes in specific leaf area a consequence of changes in expansion rate?

Leaf Growth and Development in the Young Tobacco Plant

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