Studies on the hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid in rabbits

Yusufi, A. N. K.; Siddiqi, Majid

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(74)90032-x

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although, how these lignans become systematically available when present as an ester-linked polymer is not completely known. The hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic effects of HMG have also been observed in rabbits and in humans. , Although the combined hypocholesterolemic effects of HMG and SDG are currently unknown, pharmacokinetic and efficacy (this study) studies suggest that HMG may not significantly increase the hypocholesterolemic effects of SDG polymer compared to enriched SDG. Together, the similarities in the hypocholesterolemic and pharmacokinetic effects of enriched SDG and SDG polymer suggest that SDG polymer may serve as a more economical alternative for treatment of hypercholesterolemia without the need for SDG enrichment…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…45 Although, how these lignans become systematically available when present as an ester-linked polymer is not completely known. The hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic effects of HMG have also been observed in rabbits 46 and in humans. 47,48 Although the combined hypocholesterolemic effects of HMG and SDG are currently unknown, pharmacokinetic 45 and efficacy (this study) studies suggest that HMG may not significantly increase the hypocholesterolemic effects of SDG polymer compared to enriched SDG.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Hypocholesterolemic Efficacy of Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside and Its Polymer in Rat

et al. 2021

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Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Conventional treatment methods include lifestyle changes and pharmaceutical interventions, but recently Health Canada approved a health claim for whole ground flaxseed as an alternative treatment for hypercholesterolemia. The literature suggests flaxseed lignans are responsible for the cholesterol-reducing effects of flaxseed. In this study, 96.1% secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and a 50% SDG enriched polymer (SDG polymer) were investigated as treatments for hypercholesterolemia in rats. Wistar female rats were fed a 1% high-cholesterol diet for a one-week acclimatization prior to a 23-day intervention with enriched SDG or SDG polymer. A reduction in body weight normalized liver weight was observed in rats treated with enriched SDG when compared to the controls. Both enriched SDG (96.1%) and SDG polymer reduced serum triacylglycerol (19% and 15%, respectively) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (15% and 24%, respectively). Histopathologic analyses revealed lipid-lowering effects of either enriched SDG or SDG polymer along with lower steatosis scores and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity. Furthermore, the lack of statistical significance between SDG and SDG polymer treatment groups suggests that SDG polymer may be a potential alternative to enriched SDG for hypercholesterolemia with similar efficacy but lower cost.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Hypocholesterolemic Efficacy of Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside and Its Polymer in Rat

et al. 2021

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“…HMG elicits significant hypoglycemic responses and is used as an HMG CoA lyase competitive inhibitor to treat Diabetes mellitus and hypocholesterolemic atherosclerosis. [40][41][42][43][44] Furthermore, the properties of flax seed are presumably also enhanced by the presence of alkali releasable p-coumaric acid (8b) and ferulic acid (10b) glucosides, both of which exhibit antioxidant and some breast and colon cancer chemopreventive properties. 45,46 Finally, in attempting to explain the observation made on metabolic buildup (of radiochemical intermediates) during flax seed development, it needs to be recognized that the tissue is also very heterogeneous.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthetic Pathway to the Cancer Chemopreventive Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside−Hydroxymethyl Glutaryl Ester-Linked Lignan Oligomers in Flax (Linum usitatissimum) Seed

et al. 2001

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Application of stable and radioisotope precursor/tracer experiments resulted in the identification of various phenylpropanoid, monolignol, and lignan metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of the cancer chemopreventive secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG; 1)-containing ester-linked "polymer(s)" in flax (Linum usitatissimum) seed. Individual analysis of size-segregated flax seed capsules at five early stages of their development provided a metabolic profile of intermediates leading to "biopolymer" biosynthesis. The use of (1)H and (13)C NMR and HRMS analyses resulted in the identification of 6a-HMG (hydroxymethyl glutaryl) SDG (17) and 6a,6a'-di-HMG SDG (18) as the two major components of the ester-linked "biopolymer(s)". Based on metabolic tracer analyses and relative radioisotopic incorporations throughout each of these five stages of seed development, a biochemical pathway is proposed from phenylalanine to SDG (1), with subsequent mono- and di-substitutions of SDG (1) with HMG CoA. These metabolites then serve as precursors for formation of the SDG-HMG ester-linked oligomers. Results from this study will facilitate future isolation and characterization of the proteins and enzymes involved in biosynthesis of the SDG-HMG ester-linked oligomers in flax seed.

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“…In addition to reducing cholesterol levels, HMG has been reported to reduce triglyceride and phospholipid levels in rats (Beg and Siddiqi, 1968;Yousufzai and Siddiqi, 1976a,b;Yosufzai et al, 1976), rabbits (Lupien et al, 1973b;Yusufi and Siddiqi, 1974), and man (Lupien et al, 1973a;Yousufzai et al, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaric Acid on Cholesterol Metabolism in Female Japanese Quail

LaBate

Dam

1980

Poultry Science

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The compounds 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid (HMG) and HMG diethylester were administered to laying Coturnix hens to evaluate their potential in reducing yolk cholesterol concentrations. The administration of HMG did not produce consistent differences from controls in tissue levels of either cholesterol or triglycerides. The administration of HMG diethylester appeared to increase the de novo synthesis of cholesterol and the mobilization of cholesterol from liver to serum, as assayed by the uptake and conversion of [1-14C]acetate into 14C-cholesterol. Neither HMG diethylester nor HMG significantly decreased the amount of cholesterol deposited in egg yolk.

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Studies on the hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid in rabbits

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Hypocholesterolemic Efficacy of Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside and Its Polymer in Rat

Hypocholesterolemic Efficacy of Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside and Its Polymer in Rat

Biosynthetic Pathway to the Cancer Chemopreventive Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside−Hydroxymethyl Glutaryl Ester-Linked Lignan Oligomers in Flax (Linum usitatissimum) Seed

Effect of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaric Acid on Cholesterol Metabolism in Female Japanese Quail

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