Switchable polymerization provides the opportunity to regulate polymer sequence and structure in ao ne-pot process from mixtures of monomers.Herein we report the use of O 2 as an external stimulus to switch the polymerization mechanism from the radical polymerization of vinyl monomers mediated by (Salen)Co III À R[ Salen = N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tertbutylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine;R = alkyl] to the ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of CO 2 /epoxides. Critical to this process is unprecedented monooxygen insertion into the CoÀCb ond, as rationalized by DFT calculations, leading to the formation of (Salen)Co III À O À Ra sa na ctive species to initiate ROCOP.D iblock poly(vinyl acetate)-bpolycarbonate could be obtained by ROCOP of CO 2 /epoxides with preactivation of (Salen)Co end-capped poly(vinyl acetate). Furthermore,ap oly(vinyl acetate)-b-poly(methyl acrylate)-b-polycarbonate triblock copolymer was successfully synthesized by a( Salen)cobalt-mediated sequential polymerization with an O 2 -triggered switchinaone-pot process.