Studies on the internal secretions of the ovary

Parkes, A. S.; Bellerby, C. W.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1926.sp002317

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It only remains for us to consider in the present paper what constituents of the irradiated ovary are responsible for the elaboration of the oestrus-pro ducing hormone, for which the name " oestrin" is elsewhere suggested (9). There are two possibilities, (a) that the persistent remains of the ovarian tissues present before irradiation are responsible, and (6) that new tissues proliferated after irradiation assume an oestrus-producing function.…”

Section: (B) Topographical Changes Following Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changes in the ovary of the mouse following exposure to X-rays. Part I.—Irradiation at three weeks old

Brambell¹,

Parkes

Fielding³

1927

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a recent paper (Parkes, 8) the effect on the œstrous cycle of destruction of the Graafian follicles at three weeks old by X-rays was described, and the conclusion was reached that the absence of follicles does not inhibit the appearance of the œstrous cycle when the female subsequently becomes mature. In this earlier paper, however, the histological effects in the ovary after exposure to X-rays were only dealt with very briefly, and it is the object of this present paper to consider in detail the histological changes following irradiation at weaning time. The histological effects of irradiation at birth and of irradiation of the adult, together with the effects on the oestrous cycle, will be dealt with in subsequent communications. Two main problems are presented by the histology of these irradiated ovaries. In the first place, the exact fate of the disintegrating follicle is of considerable importance. The maturation of follicles has long been considered to be essential for the appearance of oestrus, and evidence has recently been adduced to show that the hormone responsible for oestrus is elaborated by the follicle. Various elements of the follicle have been held to be responsible by various authors. Allen and Doisv (1), for instance, suggest the follicular epithelium, while Zondek and Aschheim (16) maintain that the theca interna is concerned. Since, therefore, the irradiated ovaries are capable of elaborating oestrin it is essential to know whether the disappearance of follicular tissue is complete or only partial. As reported previously, it is possible to say with certainty that ovum and follicular epithelium disappearentirely, except where the latter helps to form corpora lutea atretica, but the fate of the theca interna is less obvious. This latter question is, however, of importance from a physiological point of view. The second main problem connected with these ovaries is the nature of the cords of the second post-irradiation proliferation which ultimately arise in most of the ovaries after irradiation, and which were tentatively suggested in the earlier paper to be of spermatic character.

show abstract

Section: (B) Topographical Changes Following Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changes in the ovary of the mouse following exposure to X-rays. Part I.—Irradiation at three weeks old

Brambell¹,

Parkes

Fielding³

1927

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Others suggestions included 'folliculine' (Courrier 1924), 'menoformon' (Laquer et al 1930) and 'progynon' (Butenandt 1932). Parkes & Bellerby (1926), harking back to Virgil, proposed 'oestrin' explicitly to accommodate the compound's estrusproducing property. Oestrin would eventually morph into estrone, providing the etymological stem for a generation of natural and synthetic estrus-producing steroids that were about to be discovered and synthesized (Doisy 1941).…”

Section: What's In a Name?mentioning

confidence: 99%

On gonads and gadflies: the estrus angle

Hillier

2017

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first sex steroid to be crystallized was the vertebrate ovarian hormone, estrone -a less potent metabolite of 17β-estradiol, which in mammals stimulates the female urge to mate (estrus). The gadfly (Greek oistros) lent its name to the process of estrus, as an insect that bites and torments in classical Greek mythology. With the purification and crystallization of a moult-inducing steroid (ecdysone) from insects, an interesting parallel emerged between mating and moulting in lower mammals and arthropods. Ecdysterone (potent ecdysone metabolite) has anabolic effects in mammalian muscle cells that can be blocked by selective estrogen receptor antagonists. Insects utilize ecdysteroids in similar ways that vertebrates use estrogens, including stimulation of oocyte growth and maturation. Ecdysteroids also modify precopulatory insect mating behaviour, further reinforcing the gonad-gadfly/mate-moult analogy.

show abstract

“…The extraction of the fluid for the present purpose was carried out as previously described (25) for liquor folliculi, while the "shells" and the solid corpora were treated in the same way as ovarian tissue. All these extracts were tested for cestrin on mice in the manner previously described (25) There has also been considerable diversity of opinion concerning the nature of the central cavity filled with fluid found in some corpora lutea.…”

Section: A S Parkes and C W Bellerb Ymentioning

confidence: 99%