Studies on the Leukocytopenia Due to Acute Effects of Supernatant Fluids of Bordetella Pertussis Cultures

R., K.; Chanana, A. D.; Cronkite, Eugene P.; Gulliani, G. L.; Joel, D. D.

doi:10.3181/00379727-136-35281

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Therefore, although a component of increased lymphophiesis and/or increased lymphocyte release cannot be ruled out by our data, the results are more consistent with the concept that lymphocytosis in children with whooping cough results in large part from decreased lymphocyte re-entry into lymph nodes. This interpretation receives support from the fact that the lymphocytosis induced by B. pertussis in experimental animals has been shown to be caused mainly by an inability of lymphocytes to enter lymph nodes from the blood (8,18,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…pertussis infection of humans and experimental animals results in a striking increase in circulating lymphocytes (8,(12)(13)(14)(15)20). Animal studies suggest that this lymphocytosis represents an increase in both T and B cells (I, 6, 10) caused by a combination of two B. pertussis effects: blockage of lymphocyte re-entry into lymph nodes from the blood and increased lymphocyte release from lymphoid tissues into the circulation (1, 8,[13][14][15][16]18). Whether the characteristic lymphocytosis seen in children with whooping cough results from these same mechanisms is not known.…”

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Quantitation of Circulating T and B Lymphocytes in Children with Whooping Cough

1976

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ExtractThe numbers of circulating T and B lymphocytes in seven children with whooping cough due to Bordetella pertussis and eight control subjects were determined. All the children with whooping cough had an absolute lymphocytosis (mean 29,142/mm3 vs. 5,2251 mm3) and by surface marker criteria both T cells and B cells were increased (mean T cells, whooping cough 15,794/mm3 vs. 3,5161 mm3 controls; mean B cells, 13,393/mm3 whooping cough vs. 1,706/mm3 controls). However, the ratios of T cells to B cells in the whooping cough (1.4) and control group (1.9) did not differ significantly. This proportional increase in both T and B lymphocytes indicates that whatever mechanisms are responsible for lymphocytosis in B. pertussis infection affect both populations in a similar manner. SpeculationLymphocytosis in children with whooping cough results, primarily, from B. pertussis-induced blockage of T and B cell re-entry into lymph nodes from the blood. The profound effect of B. pertussis on lymphocyte recirculaticn patterns might be of value in future attempts at "immunologic engineering."B. pertussis infection of humans and experimental animals results in a striking increase in circulating lymphocytes (8,(12)(13)(14)(15)20). Animal studies suggest that this lymphocytosis represents an increase in both T and B cells (I, 6, 10) caused by a combination of two B. pertussis effects: blockage of lymphocyte re-entry into lymph nodes from the blood and increased lymphocyte release from lymphoid tissues into the circulation (1,8,(13)(14)(15)(16)18). Whether the characteristic lymphocytosis seen in children with whooping cough results from these same mechanisms is not known. In the hope of shedding some light on this question we have determined the proportions and absolute numbers of circulating T and B lymphocytes in seven children with whooping cough due to B. pertussis. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the lymphocytosis seen in children with whooping cough results from a proportional increase in both T and B lymphocytes. This finding supports the concept that the changes in lymphocyte distribution and circulation which have been documented in experimental animals infected with B. pertussis also occur in man and suggests that the main mechanism of B. pertussis-induced lymphocytosis is blockage of lymphocytes re-entry into lymph nodes rather than increased release from lymphoid organs. MATERIALS A N D METHODS PATIENTSThe patients' ages and diagnoses are shown in Table 1. The seven children with whooping cough ranged in age from 1-1 1 months. All were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Michigan between September 1974 and February 1975, all were in the paroxysmal stage of whooping cough when studied, and all had positive nasopharyngeal cultures for B. pertussis. Control subjects were eight afebrile, nonimmunosuppressed children from 1-24 months of age. Informed consent was obtained. QUANTITATION O F T A N D B LYMPHOCYTESWhite counts and differentials were performed on capillary blood obtained by finger stick. T...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of Circulating T and B Lymphocytes in Children with Whooping Cough

1976

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Studies on Lymphocytes. XVIII. Mechanism of Lymphocytosis Induced by Supernatant Fluids of Bordetella pertussis Cultures

Kanti

Chanana

Cronkite

et al. 1971

Blood

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Supernatant fluid from liquid medium cultures of phase I Bordetella pertussis organisms (pertussis supernatant) when given to calves and sheep by intravenous injection produces a marked lymphocytosis. Thoracic duct and splenic vein cannulation was performed in some animals to study the mechanism of production of this lymphocytosis. There was a transient increased mobilization of lymphocytes from the lymphoid organs as seen by the increase in output of lymphocytes from thoracic duct and splenic vein within a few minutes following administration of pertussis supernatant. This was followed by a decrease in the thoracic duct cell output as long as the blood lymphocyte count remained elevated, indicating an inhibition of recirculation of lymphocytes from blood to lymph. There was no evidence of increased new cell production.

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Studies on the Leukocytopenia Due to Acute Effects of Supernatant Fluids of Bordetella Pertussis Cultures

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Quantitation of Circulating T and B Lymphocytes in Children with Whooping Cough

Quantitation of Circulating T and B Lymphocytes in Children with Whooping Cough

Studies on Lymphocytes. XVIII. Mechanism of Lymphocytosis Induced by Supernatant Fluids of Bordetella pertussis Cultures

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