Studies on the pathogenesis of bovine ephemeral fever in experimental cattle III. Virological and biochemical data

Uren, M. F.; George, T. D. St.; Murphy, G. M.

doi:10.1016/0378-1135(92)90017-n

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Serum samples (n ϭ 285) were tested for A. marginalespecific antibodies by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA; Veterinary Medical Research and Development Inc., Pullman, Wash.) (24). In addition, selected samples were tested for bovine ephemeral fever (52) and A. phagocytophilum (37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Infections with Vector-Borne Pathogens Associated with Fatal Hemolytic Anemia in a Cattle Herd in Switzerland

Hofmann‐Lehmann¹,

Meli²,

Dreher³

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

127

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Bovine anaplasmosis is a vector-borne disease that results in substantial economic losses in other parts of the world but so far not in northern Europe. In August 2002, a fatal disease outbreak was reported in a large dairy herd in the Swiss canton of Grisons. Diseased animals experienced fever, anorexia, agalactia, and depression. Anemia, ectoparasite infestation, and, occasionally, hemoglobinuria were observed. To determine the roles of vector-borne pathogens and to characterize the disease, blood samples were collected from all 286 animals: 50% of the cows were anemic. Upon microscopic examination of red blood cells, Anaplasma marginale inclusion bodies were found in 47% of the cows. The infection was confirmed serologically and by molecular methods. Interestingly, we also found evidence of infections with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, large Babesia and Theileria spp., and Mycoplasma wenyonii. The last two species had not previously been described in Switzerland. Anemia was significantly associated with the presence of the infectious agents detected, with the exception of A. phagocytophilum. Remarkably, concurrent infections with up to five infectious vector-borne agents were detected in 90% of the ill animals tested by PCR. We concluded that A. marginale was the major cause of the hemolytic anemia, while coinfections with other agents exacerbated the disease. This was the first severe disease outbreak associated with concurrent infections with vector-borne pathogens in alpine Switzerland; it was presumably curtailed by culling of the entire herd. It remains to be seen whether similar disease outbreaks will have to be anticipated in northern Europe in the future.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Infections with Vector-Borne Pathogens Associated with Fatal Hemolytic Anemia in a Cattle Herd in Switzerland

Hofmann‐Lehmann¹,

Meli²,

Dreher³

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

127

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“…BEFV strain CSIRO 1927 was isolated from the blood of an infected cow at Kairi, Queensland, Australia in 1975 and had been passaged only three times in insect cells. Aedes albopictus cells (clone C6/36) were grown in Leibovitz L-15 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) and 5 % tryptose phosphate broth as described previously (Uren et aL, 1992). Vaccinia virus strain NYBH (VV-NYBH) was used as parental virus for the construction of recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) and as control virus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccinia virus-expressed bovine ephemeral fever virus G but not GNS glycoprotein induces neutralizing antibodies and protects against experimental infection

Hertig

Pye

Hyatt

et al. 1996

Journal of General Virology

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Two related glycoproteins (G and GNs ) encoded in the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) genome were expressed from recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV). Both proteins were detected in lysates of rVV-infected cells by labelling with D-[6-3H]glucosamine or by immuno-blotting. The recombinant G protein (mol. mass 79 kDa) appeared slightly smaller than the native G protein but reacted with monoclonal antibodies directed against all defined neutralizing antigenic sites (G1, G2, G3a, G3b and G4). The recombinant G~s protein (mol. mass 90 kDa) was identical in size to the native GNs protein and failed to react by immunofluorescence with anti-G protein monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. Antisera raised in rabbits against rVV-G or rVV-GNs both reacted strongly by immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy with BEFV-infected cells. The G protein was localized intracellularly in the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi complex and at the cell surface associated with budding and mature virus particles. The GNs protein also localized intracellularly in the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi complex; however, at the cell surface it was associated with amorphous structures and not with budding or mature virions. Rabbits vaccinated with rVV-G developed high levels of antibodies which neutralized BEFV grown in either mammalian or insect cells. Cattle vaccinated with rVV-G also produced neutralizing antibodies and were protected against experimental BEFV infection. In contrast, rW-GNs vaccinated rabbits and cattle failed to produce neutralizing antibodies and, after challenge, BEFV was isolated from two-thirds of the vaccinated cattle.

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“…Hematologic changes that are often observed in affected animals include transient leucopenia and neutrophilic leukocytosis, decrease in blood serum calcium and increase in plasma fibrinogen, all of which should be taken into account when developing strategies for treatment [8][9][10]. Infected animals also show lifelong immunity [11,12], and the best confirmatory diagnostic test is the isolation of the bovine ephemeral fever virus during the fever phase [3,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of bovine ephemeral fever outbreak during 2013, in Qazvin Province, Iran

Mirzaie¹,

Bahonar²,

Mehrabadi³

et al. 2017

APJTD

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Studies on the pathogenesis of bovine ephemeral fever in experimental cattle III. Virological and biochemical data

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

Concurrent Infections with Vector-Borne Pathogens Associated with Fatal Hemolytic Anemia in a Cattle Herd in Switzerland

Concurrent Infections with Vector-Borne Pathogens Associated with Fatal Hemolytic Anemia in a Cattle Herd in Switzerland

Vaccinia virus-expressed bovine ephemeral fever virus G but not GNS glycoprotein induces neutralizing antibodies and protects against experimental infection

Determinants of bovine ephemeral fever outbreak during 2013, in Qazvin Province, Iran

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