Studies on the Physiological Functions of Thiamine

Regional changes in brain histamine levels following dietary-induced thiamine deficiency in rats.

“…These changes except muricide were normalized in the reversal group. It is well-known that thiamine pyrophos phate (cocarboxylase) functions as a coen zyme in the metabolism of pyruvate and a ketoglutarate (1). However, it is very hard to explain the changes in regional histamine levels solely in terms of the coenzymatic action of thiamine.…”

Effect of thiamine deficiency, pyrithiamine and oxythiamine on pyruvate metabolism in rat liver and brain in vivo.

“…The parameters measured include rates of pyruvate oxidation in vivo (2,12) and in vitro (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), concentrations of blood pyruvate (6,8) and brain thiamine (13,14) and 14C labeling patterns in glutamic acid after administration of pyruvate-14C (15,16). In many investigations, thiamine deficiency was induced by administration of the antime tabolites oxythiamine and pyrithiamine as well as by thiamine deprivation.…”

Aqueous humour formation

“…Thus it seems that active transport is inhibited by agents which uncouple oxidative phosphorylation such as (N-(2-(p-diethylaminostyryl)-6-methyl quinoline)-ethochloride and l'-ethyl-3,6-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-pyrimido-2'-cyanine chloride, (Fig. 8a) (BALLINTINE & PETERS, 1954;BALLINTINE & WAITZMAN, 1956) 2,4-dinitrophenol (COLE, 1960b1961 a, c) or octanol (MISHRA, AGARWAL, RAO & MORAN, 1963) and the inhibitory effect of fluoroacetate in vivo indicates the importance of the citric acid pathway in aerobic oxidation. It is on general grounds reasonable to assume that the energy consumed in active Na transport is obtained from glycose, and, furthermore, the in vitro transepithelial potential is oxygen dependent (COLE, 1961C).…”

“…33b). Lactate dehydrogenase activity in isolated ciliary body may be assessed from the rate of reduction of ferrieyanide which accepts electrons from NADH (QUASTEL & WHEAT- LEY, 1938 ;QUAST~L, 1957 ;GUBLER, 1961). The decrease of ferricyanide ion was measured spectophotometrically and the results expressed in terms of the equivalent oxygen uptake in/~1 O2.hr-l.g (wet wt)'L On the assumption that such a value gives an indication of the rate for the reverse reaction:…”