Studies on the platelet radioactive anti-immunoglobulin test

Mueller‐Eckhardt, C.; Schulz, G.; Sauer, Karl-Heinz; Dienst, C.; Mahn, I.

doi:10.1016/0022-1759(78)90002-9

Cited by 54 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The labeled anti-IgG stored frozen at -25 °C can be used over a long time. Although the dilution of the anti-125I IgG must be lowered parallel to the disintegration of the 125I, the percentage of fixed radioactivity remains constant [18] (see also figure 1). The major disadvantage with the radioactive antiglob ulin assay in platelet serology concerns the translation of the amounts of fixed radio active antiglobulin into data expressing the amount of IgG on the platelet surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indirect PRAT was performed as described in detail elswhere [18]. Each serum was tested against at least two to four platelet suspensions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have in dependently developed a similar technique termed platelet radioactive anti-immuno globulin test (PRAT) [18] and were able to show its high sensitivity for the demonstra tion of HLA-and quinidine-induced plate let antibodies [17]. We now wish to report our experience with this assay in relation to the demonstration of serum antibodies as well as platelet-bound IgG in immune throm bocytopenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Platelet Autoantibodies by a Radioactive Anti-Immunoglobulin Test

Mueller-Eckhardt¹,

Mahn²,

Schulz³

et al. 1978

Vox Sanguinis

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A direct and an indirect version of a platelet radioactive anti-immunoglobulin test (PRAT) has been developed. It is shown that this assay is sensitive, reproducible and quantitative for the demonstration of HLA as well as incomplete PIAI antibodies. Furthermore, platelet autoantibodies were searched for in sera of 105 thrombocytopenic patients. Positive results were obtained in 15 out of 45 patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), in 1 of 17 cases with acute ITP and in 3 of 4 patients with ITP-like syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The platelet autoantibodies mostly had low titers, reacted with autologous platelets and did not show any specificity. An elevated concentration of IgG on autologous platelets was detected by the direct PRAT in 11 of 18 patients with ITP and in 4 of 5 patients with thrombocytopenia and suspected SLE. 4 of the 7 negative ITP cases were in clinical remission or had platelet counts of over 50,000//A. There appeared to be an inverse correlation between the concentration of surface-bound IgG and the platelet number in patients with ITP and SLE. It is concluded that the PRAT is a new and valuable tool for the detection of various types of platelet antibodies and therefore a true alternative to existing serological techniques in platelet immunology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indirect PRAT was performed as described in detail elswhere [18]. Each serum was tested against at least two to four platelet suspensions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Platelet Autoantibodies by a Radioactive Anti-Immunoglobulin Test

Mueller-Eckhardt¹,

Mahn²,

Schulz³

et al. 1978

Vox Sanguinis

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“…Among antiglobulin binding tests for platelet antibodies the platelet suspension immunofluorescence test as described by von dem Borne et al [24] is now widely accepted as reference technique. Other assays make use of anti-human globulin preparations labelled with enzymes [25] or radioactive tracers [26]. A central problem in platelet serology has been the precise identification of 'platelet-specific' antibodies in sera also containing high-titered antibodies against HLA class I antigens.…”

Section: Assays For Diagnosis Of Platelet-reactive Antibodies In Serumentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet Antibodies and Diagnosis of Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia

Kiefel¹

2001

Transfus Med Hemother

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Analysis of platelet antibodies provides valuable support for diagnosis and therapy of platelet-related bleeding disorders. Platelet autoantibodies induce autoimmune thrombocytopenia and – in very rare cases – platelet dysfunction. Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia is caused by drug-dependent antibodies, a class of autoreactive antibodies binding to platelets only in the presence of the offending drug. Immunologically induced refractoriness to platelet transfusions is most commonly caused by alloimmunization against HLA class I antigens. In rare cases, additional platelet-specific antibodies occur. Alloantibodes against polymorphic determinants on glycoproteins IIb/IIIa, Ia/IIa and – rarely – Ib/IX play a central role in the pathogenesis of fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Posttransfusion purpura is a rare transfusion reaction affecting almost exclusively female patients.

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“…In 1975, Soulier et al [16] re ported that platelets stored at 4°C in the presence of0.1% sodium azide could be used platelets with anti-Zwa and anti-HLA anti in the platelet radioactive antiglobulin test bodies. for 1 year, and later Mueller-Eckhardt et alPlatelets stored at -20°C without the ad- [12,13], who used the same method, found dition of a cryopreservative were useful for that platelets stored in this way could be kept the detection of anti-platelet antibodies in for up to 3 months without loss of antigenic serum of a patient with idiopathic thrombostrength.cytopenic purpura and platelet-unrelated With the 5lCr-release test, Lizak and immune complexes, as reported by KekoGrumet [10] showed that the amount of the mäki [7], as well as for the detection of HLA Zwa (=P1A1) antigens on platelets cryopre-antibodies [8]. served in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at Platelets preserved at 4°C in azide form -76 °C was the same as on fresh platelets, aggregates [17] and are, therefore, not suitintroduction…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet Freezing for Serological Purposes with and without a Cryopreservative

Helmerhorst¹,

Berge²,

Dalen³

et al. 1984

Vox Sanguinis

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We compared the reactivity of fresh platelets with platelets frozen in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or without a cryopreservative by testing agglutinating and nonagglutinating platelet-specific alloantibodies in titration. Frozen platelets, irrespective of the method of preservation, showed no loss of antigenicity as compared with fresh platelets. The yield of platelets frozen without a cryopreservative proved to be higher (80%) than platelets frozen in the presence of DMSO (50%). Platelets sensitized with autoantibodies from patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia could also be stored by simple freezing in platelet-rich plasma and used for (re)testing.

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Studies on the platelet radioactive anti-immunoglobulin test

Cited by 54 publications

References 6 publications

Detection of Platelet Autoantibodies by a Radioactive Anti-Immunoglobulin Test

Detection of Platelet Autoantibodies by a Radioactive Anti-Immunoglobulin Test

Platelet Antibodies and Diagnosis of Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia

Platelet Freezing for Serological Purposes with and without a Cryopreservative

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