Studies on the production of beef from zebu cattle in East Africa II. Milk production in suckled cows and its effect on calf growth

Lampkin, K. Meidie; Lampkin, G. H.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600022620

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The similar sucking performance of male and female calves was also found by Lampkin & Lampkin (1960), who showed that cows with male calves produced the same amount of milk as those rearing female calves. This is surprising since male calves grow quicker than females, suggesting a better utilization of milk by the males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Natural sucking performance and age of weaning in zebu cattle (Bos indicus)

Reinhardt¹,

Reinhardt²

1981

J. Agric. Sci.

140

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SUMMARYSucking behaviour and age of weaning were investigated in a herd of East African zebu cattle in which all calves born had been retained for several years. Suckling rates were compared at different periods of the 24 h cycle and found to be less at night than during any day-time period. The highest rates of suckling took place in the early morning and in the late afternoon. The early morning suckling was triggered by the dawn. During both night and day, suckling was irregular and bouts were presumably due to sympathetic induction because a high proportion of the calves was suckled on each occasion. The total sucking time and the number of bouts varied significantly in inverse relation to age of the calf but the duration of a sucking bout was constant at 8 min and independent of age. There was an average of 4·8 sucking bouts within 24 h giving a total duration of 38 min. Sucking behaviour did not exhibit sex-specific differences. The average age of natural weaning was 10 months but there was a marked sex difference. Female calves were prevented by their mothers from sucking after an average age of 8·8 months but male calves continued to be suckled for a further 2·5 months and were weaned at an average age of 11·3 months.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Natural sucking performance and age of weaning in zebu cattle (Bos indicus)

Reinhardt¹,

Reinhardt²

1981

J. Agric. Sci.

140

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“…In ungulates, higher suckling performance of male calves has been reported in some studies (Clutton-Brock et al 1981Duncan et al 1984;Berger 1986;Lee and Moss 1986;I. Kojola, unpublished data in Kojola and Nieminen 1988;Wolff 1988; but see Green and Berger 1990) but not in others (Lampkin and Lampkin 1960;Fletcher 197 1 ;Tyler 1972;Stapleton et al 1980;Gauthier and Barrette 1985;Crowell-Davis 1985;Braza and Jose 1988;Festa-Bianchet 1988;Babbit and Packard 1990b). Male calves can suckle 2.5 months longer than female calves in zebu cattle (Box indicus; Reinhardt and Reinhardt 1981).…”

Section: Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…As suggested by Trivers (1974) for domestic lambs, a mother could become the limiting factor in the amount of milk consumed only when production declined to a level below the calf's needs. The level of milk produced during the early stages of lactation can exceed the maximal amount consumed by the young (Wallace 1948;Thomson and Thomson 1953;Lampkin and Lampkin 1960;Peart 1968;Arman et al 1974;Robbins and Robbins 1979). In many species, the development of the mammary glands continues in early lactation and may be enhanced by a higher suckling stimulus, as was found for rats (Tucker 1981).…”

Section: Birth Size and Body Growthmentioning

confidence: 97%

Suckling, weaning, and growth in captive woodland caribou

Lavigueur¹,

Barrette²

1992

Can. J. Zool.

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LAVIGUEUR, L., and BARRETTE, C. 1992. Suckling, weaning, and growth in captive woodland caribou. Can. J. Zool. 70:1753 -1766. To delimit the different stages of the weaning process and to understand the relationship between suckling and growth, the evolution of suckling performance and mother -young interactions associated with milk transfer was closely monitored in a group of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) from birth up to 160 days. Suckling rate and total suckling time dropped rapidly during the first 20 days and slowly thereafter, while suckle duration remained stable during the first 20 days and decreased gradually thereafter. In the first 20 days of life, suckling success declined from 90 to 50%, the proportion of suckles terminated by the mother increased from 30 to 90%, and the proportion of suckles with bunting increased from 40 to almost 100%. The mother licked the calf in 70% of the suckles from birth to 20 days, 40% from 20 to 40 days, and less than 20% subsequently. Suckles with licking were longer than suckles without licking during the first 30 days of life. Suckling was initiated by the calf in more than 80% of the suckles, even in the first days of life. No sex differences were found at any age for any of the behavioral variables measured. Birth weights and growth rates of males from 0 to 45 days, however, were higher than those of females. Growth rates from birth to 45 days were positively correlated with suckling rate during the first 35 days. From 46 to 100 days, growth rates were positively correlated with time spent feeding on pelleted ration and on hay. We suggest that metabolic weaning could begin at around 15 -20 days, when suckling success and the mother's contribution to establishing and maintaining suckling interactions decreased most steeply. The end of metabolic weaning could occur at 40-45 days, when suckling rate, suckling success, and the mother's contribution to suckling reached low values from which they declined very slowly to the end of behavioral weaning. Behavioral weaning was not yet completed at the age of 160 days. LAVIGUEUR, L., et BARRETTE, C. 1992. Suckling, weaning, and growth in captive woodland caribou. Can. J. Zool. 70 : 1753 -1766. Pour tenter de delimiter les differentes phases du processus de sevrage et pour comprendre la relation entre l'allaitement et la croissance, des mesures fines de la performance d'allaitement ont etC effectuees chez un groupe de Caribous des bois (Rangifer tarandus caribou), de la naissance a 160 jours. La frequence et la duree totale des allaitements ont baisse rapidement au cours des 20 premiers jours, et trks lentement par la suite, alors que la durte moyenne des allaitements est deme;rte relativement constante pendant cette periode et a ensuite diminue graduellement. De la naissance a 20 jours, le succks de I'allaitement a baisse de 90 a 50% et la proportion des allaitements terminks par la mkre a augment6 de 30 a 90%. Le lechage du faon par la mkre, qui etait observe dans 70% des allaitements de 0 a 20 jours, se produis...

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“…Approximately 53 ± 1 d after calving (May 7, 2003), milk production was estimated by weigh-suckle-weigh (WSW) after an 8-h separation (Williams et al, 1979). Calf excretory (fecal and urinary) losses during suckling were considered minimal and were not collected as suggested by Lampkin and Lampkin (1960). In addition, 10 mL of blood was collected from the jugular vein of cows by venipuncture.…”

Section: Experiments 2: Cow Performance/production Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of perennial ryegrass straw as a forage source for ruminants1

Fisher

Bohnert

Ackerman

et al. 2004

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate perennial ryegrass straw as a forage source for ruminants. Experiment 1 evaluated digestion and physiological variables in steers offered perennial ryegrass straw containing increasing levels of ergot alkaloid, lolitrem B. Sixteen ruminally cannulated Angus × Hereford steers (231 ± 2 kg BW) were blocked by weight and assigned randomly to one of four treatments. Steers were provided perennial ryegrass straw at 120% of the previous 5-d average intake. Before straw feeding, soybean meal was provided (0.1% BW; CP basis) to meet the estimated requirement for degradable intake protein. Low (L) and high (H) lolitrem B straws (<100 and 1,550 ppb, respectively; DM basis) were used to formulate treatment diets: 100% L; 67% L:33% H; 33% L:67% H; 100% H (DM basis). Intake and digestibility of DM and OM, and ruminal pH, total VFA, and NH 3-N were not affected by increasing lolitrem B concentration. Ruminal indigestible ADF (IADF) fill increased linearly (P = 0.01) and IADF passage rate decreased linearly (P = 0.04) as lolitrem B increased. Experiment 2 evaluated performance and production by 72 Angus × Hereford cows (539 ± 5 kg BW) consuming perennial ryegrass straw containing

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Studies on the production of beef from zebu cattle in East Africa II. Milk production in suckled cows and its effect on calf growth

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Natural sucking performance and age of weaning in zebu cattle (Bos indicus)

Natural sucking performance and age of weaning in zebu cattle (Bos indicus)

Suckling, weaning, and growth in captive woodland caribou

Evaluation of perennial ryegrass straw as a forage source for ruminants1

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