Studies on the range of tissue protein synthesis in pigs: the effect of thyroid hormones

Simon, O.; Bergner, H.; Münchmeyer, R; Żebrowska, T.

doi:10.1079/bjn19820142

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Expressing visceral organ mass as grams per kilogram of empty body weight, resulted in similar responses. The major effect of high-Se wheat on visceral organ mass occurred in jejunal tissue, which is one of the most metabolically active tissues among those evaluated in this study (Simon et al, 1982). In general, visceral organs are very active metabolically and represent a substantial amount of maintenance energy consumption (Caton et al, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of high-selenium wheat on visceral organ mass, and intestinal cellularity and vascularity in finishing beef steers1

Soto-Navarro

Lawler

Taylor

et al. 2004

Journal of Animal Science

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Twelve crossbred steers (351 +/- 24 kg initial BW) were used to determine effects of high-Se wheat on visceral tissue mass, intestinal cell growth, and intestinal cellularity and vascularity. Steers were allotted randomly by BW to one of two treatments consisting of 75% concentrate diets that supplied 1) adequate Se concentration (7 to 12 microg x kg x BW(-1) x d(-1)) or 2) high-Se concentration (60 to 70 microg x kg x BW(-1) x d(-1)). Diets were similar in composition, including 25% grass hay, 25% wheat, 39% corn, 5% desugared molasses, and 6% wheat middlings supplement on a DM basis. In the Se treatment, high-Se wheat (10 ppm Se, DM basis) was replaced with low-Se wheat (0.35 ppm Se, DM basis). Diets were formulated to be similar in CP and energy (14.0% CP, 2.12 Mcal of NEm/kg, and 1.26 Mcal NEg/kg of DM) and were offered daily (1500) to individual steers in an electronic feeding system. Diets were fed at 2.38% BW. After 126 d, steers were slaughtered, and individual visceral tissue weights determined. Concentrations of DNA, RNA, and protein of duodenum, ileum, and total small intestine were not affected (P > or = 0.33) by treatment. Similarly, RNA:DNA and protein:DNA ratios in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and whole small intestine were not (P > or = 0.33) affected by feeding high-Se wheat. Conversely, jejunal weight was greater (P < 0.002) in steers fed high-Se wheat than in controls (916 vs. 1,427 +/- 84 g). Jejunal DNA was increased (P < 0.04) in steers fed high-Se wheat (2.95 vs. 3.56 +/- 0.19 mg/g), suggesting increased cell number. Concentrations of jejunal RNA and protein were not altered by treatment; however, because the jejunal weight increased in high-Se steers, DNA, RNA, and protein contents (grams) were greater than in control steers (P < 0.05). Vascularity of jejunal tissue decreased (P < 0.10) with high-Se wheat; however, because jejunal mass was greater for the high-Se wheat treatment, total microvascular volume was not affected by treatment. Percentage of jejunal crypt cell proliferation was not affected (P = 0.48) by treatment; however, total number of cells proliferating within the jejunum was increased in steers fed high-Se wheat. Data indicate that the lower jejunal vascularity in the diet high in Se (provided from wheat) may have resulted in increased jejunal mass to meet physiological nutrient demand. Therefore, negative effects of Se level used in this study on productive performance of feedlot steers are not expected.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of high-selenium wheat on visceral organ mass, and intestinal cellularity and vascularity in finishing beef steers1

Soto-Navarro

Lawler

Taylor

et al. 2004

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Taking into account that both extracellular amino acids originating from plasma or digesta and intracellular amino acids derived from intracellular protein degradation are used for protein synthesis (Simon et al, 1982(Simon et al, , 1983 and that endogenous N in the gut lumen is derived from multiple precursor pools (Moughan et al, 1992), the ,5 N-enrichment in urinary N was used as an indicator of that in endogenous N during a steady state after withdrawal of 15 NH 4 C1. At this time, the 15 N in urine originated only from the catabolism of 15 N-labelled body protein.…”

Section: Methodical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of endogenous nitrogen associated with bacteria in ileal digesta of pigs receiving cereal-based diets with or without fish meal and various fibre supplements by using a simple <sup>15</sup>N-dilution technique

Bartelt¹,

Drochner²,

Götz³

et al. 1999

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Four Gottinger miniature pigs and five domestic pigs (Landrace) of similar body weight fitted with an ileocaecal re-entrant cannula were given each a cereal-based diets with or without fish meal (Treatments 1 and 2). The diets contained increasing levels of partially hydrolysed straw meal and pectin (2:1 w/w). On day 3, 5 and 7 after the last administration of 15 NH 4 C1 given with the diets during five days the ileal flow of endogenous nitrogen (N) was measured using the atom % 15 N excess in urinary N as indicator for that in endogenous N. The 15 N-enrichments in urinary N, in trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble N of blood plasma as well as in TCA-soluble and -preciptable N in the pancreas and small intestine were nearly the same. Furthermore, the contribution of endogenous N to total, TCA-preciptable and bacterial N of ileal digesta was not affected by the three collection periods. Urinary N seems to be the easiest accessible and valid indicator for determination of the endogenous N under these experimental conditions. Neither the fibre supplements nor the

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“…There were no treatment effects on total DNA, protein concentration or protein/DNA ratio in the small intestine, which indicated that there were no increases in the number or size of cells per unit of tissue in response to the replacement of lactose with rice syrup. Previous studies have reported that a high rate of energy expenditure by the gastrointestinal tract is associated with high rates of cell turnover and protein synthesis in these tissues 42–47. Thus factors that influence the rate of turnover of intestinal epithelial cells may strongly influence the efficiency of whole‐body energy utilisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of replacement of lactose with partially hydrolysed rice syrup on small intestine development in weaned pigs from 7 to 21 days

et al. 2008

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BACKGROUND: Feeding pigs with manufactured liquid diets has led to an increase in weaning weights compared with pigs receiving pelleted dry feed. Several alternative dietary ingredients are utilised in manufactured liquid diets other than by-products of the dairy industry, especially as sources of carbohydrates. Postnatal gut development is important not only for protecting the neonate from enteric pathogens but also for digestion and the absorption of nutrients for growth. The present experiment was designed to study the effect of partially hydrolysed rice syrup as a replacement for lactose in manufactured liquid diets on the development of the small intestine in weaned pigs from 7 to 21 days.

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Studies on the range of tissue protein synthesis in pigs: the effect of thyroid hormones

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of high-selenium wheat on visceral organ mass, and intestinal cellularity and vascularity in finishing beef steers1

Effect of high-selenium wheat on visceral organ mass, and intestinal cellularity and vascularity in finishing beef steers1

Determination of endogenous nitrogen associated with bacteria in ileal digesta of pigs receiving cereal-based diets with or without fish meal and various fibre supplements by using a simple <sup>15</sup>N-dilution technique

Effect of replacement of lactose with partially hydrolysed rice syrup on small intestine development in weaned pigs from 7 to 21 days

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