Studies on the Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Soil Seed Bank and Fluvial Processes along the Middle Reaches of River Arakawa, Japan

Itoh, Kouji; Katoh, Kazuhiro; Takahashi, Toshimori; Ishizaka, Takehiko; Fujiwara, Nobuo

doi:10.5632/jila.66.591

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Seed accumulation in alluvial sediments has mainly been investigated in floodplains from the aspect of restoration (Goodson et al 2003(Goodson et al , 2004Boedeltje et al 2004;Arai & Kameyama 2006;Gurnell et al 2008). Some recent studies have shown the distribution patterns of buried seed banks in floodplains in relation to flooding effects (Itoh et al 2003;Arai & Kameyama 2006) and species composition of seeds supplied by flowing water (Yonemori & Kuramoto 2000;Goodson et al 2003Goodson et al , 2004Hayashi et al 2011). These studies also supported the importance of seeds present in alluvial sediments for vegetation formation in riparian areas.…”

Section: Role Of Seed Accumulation On Vegetation Of Gravel Barsmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Role of seed settleability and settling velocity in water for plant colonization of river gravel bars

Yoshikawa

Hoshino

Iwata

2012

J Vegetation Science

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Questions A natural gravel‐bed river is an important habitat for xerophytic plant species that prefer dry and periodically disturbed environments. However, human‐impacted gravel bars covered with fine sandy sediments are often rapidly occupied by hygrophytic and mesophytic species, including weedy species, after a flush event. What is the mechanism by which these plant seeds are carried on gravel bars through a flush event? Can the seed traits of floating capability (buoyancy or settleability) and settling velocity in water explain seed accumulation in sandy sediments? Location The Tama River, central Japan. Methods Seed buoyancy/settleability and settling velocity in water were examined for 70 herbaceous species growing on newly deposited sediments of a river gravel bar. Settling velocities of sand particles of different sizes were estimated using theoretical formulas to compare with those of plant seeds. In addition, actual seed content of 36 samples of fresh sandy sediments were examined using a germination test to confirm coincident sedimentation of seeds and sand particles. Results Of the 70 species examined, only nine had apparently buoyant seeds and the remaining 61 species had non‐buoyant seeds. We found that 53 (86.9%) of the 61 species having non‐buoyant seeds had settling velocities comparable to those of very fine sand and fine sand particles, ranging from 0.062 to 0.25 mm in diameter. Furthermore, fresh sandy sediments deposited by a flush event contained many non‐buoyant seeds of common species of above‐ground vegetation. Both the germinated seedling number and species richness in the sediment samples showed positive correlation with the percentage weight of very fine sand and fine sand. Conclusions Seeds of most of the species that appeared after a flush event were considered carried by submerged dispersal through flowing water than through floating dispersal, because of their settleability. Many plant seeds could deposit together with fine sandy sediments as water velocity declined, since they had correspondent settling velocities. The main reason for rapid colonization by hygrophytic and mesophytic species was the settleability and settling velocity of the seeds.

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Section: Role Of Seed Accumulation On Vegetation Of Gravel Barsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Some recent studies have shown the distribution patterns of buried seed banks in floodplains in relation to flooding effects (Itoh et al. ; Arai & Kameyama ) and species composition of seeds supplied by flowing water (Yonemori & Kuramoto ; Goodson et al. , ; Hayashi et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of seed settleability and settling velocity in water for plant colonization of river gravel bars

Yoshikawa

Hoshino

Iwata

2012

J Vegetation Science

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Tsuji¹,

Hiratsuka²,

SAWATA³

et al. 2008

ECE

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Based on data for riparian revegetation for Phragmites japonica and Carex dispalata, a situation was surveyed in which ecotones ware formed. In place with riparian revegetation, the planted species were dominant and spreaded in the water area, which contributed to creation of a diverse riparian environment, for instance by decreasing the flow velocity in the riparian area. Phragmites japonica grew runners and spreaded throughout the growth area. It readily creates riparian ecotones, even in rapids. However, in some cases, the plant grows as high as 2 m, which obstructs view and undesirable from a landscape point of view. In the cases in Carex dispalata, which does not obstruct view, was used, vegetated bank protection was formed in the stream. The growth area of Carex dispalata is smaller when the roots are in the water and stems of the plants are above the water. However, it is expected to function as a riparian ecotone. When using a coconut fiber roll, vegetation bank protection must form before the coconut fiber deteriorates. It is important that planted plants advances to a water side, especially to diversify the waterside environment. For the reason, Phragmites japonica and Carex dispalata, a perennial plant which can advance to a water areas, must be planted.

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Persistence and Vertical Distribution of Diaspores of Aquatic Plants in the Surface Soil Layer of Oguraike and Yokoojinuma Drained Lands

Matsumoto¹,

Imanishi²,

Imanishi³

et al. 2009

Journal of The Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture

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Studies on the Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Soil Seed Bank and Fluvial Processes along the Middle Reaches of River Arakawa, Japan

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Role of seed settleability and settling velocity in water for plant colonization of river gravel bars

Role of seed settleability and settling velocity in water for plant colonization of river gravel bars

Untitled

Persistence and Vertical Distribution of Diaspores of Aquatic Plants in the Surface Soil Layer of Oguraike and Yokoojinuma Drained Lands

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