Studies on the synthesis of ribonucleic acids in embryonic stages of Xenopus laevis

Decroly, Marc; Cape, Marianne; Brachet, Jean

doi:10.1016/0926-6550(64)90044-1

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They extend previous work, with which they are consistent, mainly by describing R N A synthesis immediately after fertilization and during early cleavage. They also show th a t the absence or very low level of R N A synthesis during early and mid-cleavage, a phenomenon described before by Flickinger (1954), Decroly, Cape &Brachet (1964), andBachvarova &Davidson (1966), is not due to the poor penetration of label. The difficulties involved in labelling embryos at this stage of development account for the previous lack of this information.…”

Section: The Initiation Of Heterogeneous Rna Synthesissupporting

confidence: 65%

The influence of the cytoplasm on the nucleus during cell differentiation, with special reference to RNA synthesis during amphibian cleavage

Gurdon¹,

Woodland²

1969

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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Nucleic acid synthesis in cleaving embryos of Xenopus laevis has been investigated using autoradiographic and biochemical methods on eggs and embryos labelled by micro-injection of 3 H-nucleosides. * During the first few hours after fertilization extremely small amounts of RNA are synthesized, probably in the cytoplasm . Towards the end of cleavage a marked increase in RNA synthesis coincides with a reduction in the frequency of DNA synthesis. In agreement with the results of others, nuclear RNA synthesis can first be detected at this stage, and consists primarily of heterogeneous RNA . Transfer RNA synthesis commences soon after the onset of nuclear heterogeneous RNA synthesis, and ribosomal RNA is not synthesized until gastrulation. Nuclei from neurula embryos, which synthesize each of the above classes of RNA , have been transplanted to enucleated unfertilized eggs. Immediately after transplantation all nuclear RNA synthesis ceases, but as the nuclear transplant embryos pass through cleavage and gastrulation each main class of RNA starts to be synthesized in turn at the same time and in the same sequence as happens in embryos derived from fertilized eggs. These experiments show that egg cytoplasm contains components independently responsible for the repression and subsequent initiation of synthesis of each main class of RNA , and contribute to an analysis of the mechanism by which gene activity is controlled during early animal development.

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Section: The Initiation Of Heterogeneous Rna Synthesissupporting

confidence: 65%

The influence of the cytoplasm on the nucleus during cell differentiation, with special reference to RNA synthesis during amphibian cleavage

Gurdon¹,

Woodland²

1969

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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“…Group V, which contains the rapidly labelled 10-14S fraction (De Lucca & Imaizumi, 1972), presented a base-ratio value intermediate between those described for the rRNA and the homologous DNA. This finding has also been reported in other animal cells (Kitazume et al, 1962;Kitazume & Yeas, 1963;Decroly et al, 1964) but the criterion of the base-ratio equivalence used in identifying an RNA fraction as mRNA has some limitations [see Sibatani (1966) and Singer & Leder (1966)]. In summary, the results reported here together with previous work (De Lucca & Imaizumi, 1972) .40 Temperature (°C) Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…4), corresponding to a C+G content of 38 %. This value is considered low when compared with that found in amphibians (Decroly et al, 1964). Table 3 shows the base ratio of DNA and that of the different groups of RNA separated by Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Characterization of ribonucleic acids from the venom glands of Crotalus durissus terrificus (Ophidia, Reptilia) after manual extraction of the venom. Studies on template activity and base composition

Lucca

Imaizumi

Haddad

1974

Biochemical Journal

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RNA synthesis in the venom glands of Crotalus durissus terrificus was stimulated by the manual extraction of the venom (milking). RNA was extracted from venom glands activated by milking and fractionated by centrifugation through sucrose density gradients. Template activity for protein synthesis and base composition of the RNA fractions were studied. RNA fractions that sediment between 18S and 4S had the highest template activity. The base composition analysis indicated that the 28S and 18S rRNA have a C+G content of 65.4 and 58% respectively. The `melting' temperature (Tm) of DNA in 0.15m-NaCl–0.015m-trisodium citrate, pH7.0, was 85°C, corresponding to a C+G content of 38%. The base ratio of the RNA fractions that showed a high template activity was intermediate between that of rRNA and homologous DNA. The possible role of these fractions in the synthesis of the two main toxins (crotoxin and crotamine) of the South American rattlesnake's venom is discussed.

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“…LA synthèse des protéines et celle des acides ribonucléiques (RNA), lors de la morphogénèse des oeufs de Batraciens, ont fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches dans notre laboratoire, depuis de longues années. Outre des dosages biochimiques directs, qui ont conduit à l'identification des RNA qui se synthétisent au cours de ' puises ' courts au ^^p (Decroly, Cape et Brachet, 1964), des expériences indirectes, faisant appel aux propriétés de divers inhibiteurs des synthèses nucléoprotéiques, ont été effectuées. Récemment, nous avons étudié les effets sur le développement des Batraciens, de deux inhibiteurs particulièrement spécifiques de ces synthèses : Vactinomycine, qui inhibe la synthèse des RNA dirigée par les acides désoxy ribonucléiques (DNA) chromosomiaux, et la puromycine qui empêche la synthèse des protéines (Brachet, Denis and de Vitry, 1964).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Effets de la puromycine sur la mitose, la synthèse des protéines et celle du DNA au cours de la segmentation de l’oeuf de Batracien

Legros

Brachet

1965

Development

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La synthèse des protéines et celle des acides ribonucléiques (RNA), lors de la morphogénèse des oeufs de Batraciens, ont fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches dans notre laboratoire, depuis de longues années. Outre des dosages biochimiques directs, qui ont conduit à l'identification des RNA qui se synthétisent au cours de ‘pulses’ courts au 32P (Decroly, Cape et Brachet, 1964), des expériences indirectes, faisant appel aux propriétés de divers inhibiteurs des synthèses nucléoprotéiques, ont été effectuées. Récemment, nous avons étudié les effets sur le développement des Batraciens, de deux inhibiteurs particulièrement spécifiques de ces synthèses: l'actinomycine, qui inhibe la synthèse des RNA dirigée par les acides désoxyribonucléiques (DNA) chromosomiaux, et la puromycine qui empêche la synthèse des protéines (Brachet, Denis and de Vitry, 1964). Les effets de l'actinomycine sur les oeufs de Pleurodèles ont été soigneusement analysés; des expériences de microinjection ont montré qu'elle n'entrave pas la segmentation; elle bloque la gastrulation, et surtout la neurulation, avec production d'embryons microcéphales, dont l'organisation dorso-ventrale est très peu apparente (Brachet et al., 1964).

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Studies on the synthesis of ribonucleic acids in embryonic stages of Xenopus laevis

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

The influence of the cytoplasm on the nucleus during cell differentiation, with special reference to RNA synthesis during amphibian cleavage

The influence of the cytoplasm on the nucleus during cell differentiation, with special reference to RNA synthesis during amphibian cleavage

Characterization of ribonucleic acids from the venom glands of Crotalus durissus terrificus (Ophidia, Reptilia) after manual extraction of the venom. Studies on template activity and base composition

Effets de la puromycine sur la mitose, la synthèse des protéines et celle du DNA au cours de la segmentation de l’oeuf de Batracien

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