Studies on Trichomonads. III. Inhibitors, Acid Production, and Substrate Utilization by 4 Strains of Tritrichomonas foetus

Abstract

SYNOPSIS. Inhibitors, acid production, and substrate utilization by 4 strains of Tritrichmonas foetus (BP‐3, BP‐4, A‐1, and A‐2) were studied manometrically. All used glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, glycogen, starch, lactate, and pyruvate. Strain A‐1, with the highest aerobic and anaerobic endogenous rates, used these substrates less than did the others. Strain BP‐3 did not use lactose; strains BP‐4 and A‐2 did not use raffinose aerobically and only slightly anaerobically; strain A‐1 used both nearly as well as maltose and sucrose. All were strongly inhibited by iodoacetate and, if tested in the presence of glucose, aerobically or anaerobically, by fluoride, arsenite, hydroxylamine, and 8‐hydroxyquinoline. Aerobically, 2,4‐dinitrophenol produced stimulation which was greater in the presence of glucose; anaerobically, it produced inhibition which was, in some cases, comparable to the effects produced by the other inhibitors. Fluoride, arsenite, azide, and hydroxylamine, although producing insignificant inhibitory effects on endogenous O2 consumption, reduced and, in some cases, abolished motility of all strains. All 4 strains produced acid under anaerobic and aerobic conditions; strain A‐1 produced more than the others. Lactic acid accounted for 30–51% of the acid produced in all strains. Strain A‐1 more closely resembled the nasal trichomonad of swine (strain PN‐610) than did strain BP‐1. (Doran(3)). The writer believes that the swine nasal strain is a highly adapted strain of T. foetus.

Cattle Pathogen Tritrichomonas foetus (Riedmüller, 1928) and Pig Commensal Tritrichomonas suis (Gruby & Delafond, 1843) Belong to the Same Species

“…Tritrichomonas suis isolated from the nasal cavity was more similar to T. foetus in its biochemical properties than were the cecal strains. As suggested by Doran (1959) and Honigberg (1978), the observed differences were compatible more with intraspecific variation than variation between species. More recently, Pakandl and Grabhoffer (1994) showed similarities between bovine and pig trichomonads in their sialic‐acid binding system.…”

“…More importantly, cross‐infection of cows and pigs with heterologous trichomonads excluded strict host specificity of the parasites (Fitzgerald et al 1958a; Fitzgerald et al 1958b; Hammond and Leidl 1957; Kerr 1958). The similarities between cattle and porcine trichomonads were further observed in their physiological properties (Doran 1957, 1959; Lindblom 1961; Mattos et al 1997; Pakandl and Grubhoffer 1994) and antigenic characteristics (De Carli and Guerrero 1975, 1976, 1977; Robertson 1960; Sanborn 1955). More recently, the identity of the two species was suggested by Felleisen (Felleisen 1998; Felleisen et al 1998) and Vaňárčrová et al (1997) employing techniques of genomic analysis.…”

Histochemical Demonstration of DPN-Linked Dehydrogenases in <i>Trichomonas vaginali</i><i>s</i>

“…A very poor activity for this enzyme has been obtained, which is largely pres ent in the mitochondrion-like granules, indicating that its role in this organism is small, which is in agreement with the previous work, e.g. in T. foetus Rgleg (1955) reported no detectable ethanol and similarly Doran (1959) reported insignificant respiration in crease by the addition of ethanol.…”

The Effects of Oxygen on Fermentation in Tritrichomonas Foetus KV1 and its Variant 1MR-100 with Defective Hydrogenosomes

“…Organisms were harvested at room temperature in a bench centrifuge at 600g,,. for 2 min, and then washed twice in a phosphate-buffered salt solution, pH 6.9 (Doran, 1959).…”