Studies on Trypanosoma vivax: The infectivity of cyclically and mechanically transmitted ruminant infections for mice and rats

Leeflang, P.; Ige, K.; Olatunde, D. S.

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(76)90081-3

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A large genetic distance separated these isolates from the only East African isolate analysed in this study. These data are in agreement with previous studies that distinguished these two populations of T. vivax by morphology (Hoare, 1972) ; development in tsetse (Moloo et al 1987); susceptibility of host species and pathology (Leeflang et al 1976 ;Gathuo et al 1987 ;Williams et al 1992), besides immunological (Vos and Gardiner, 1990) and molecular (Fasogbon et al 1990 ;Dirie et al 1993 a, b) features.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…All these isolates were submitted to a T. vivax-specific PCR assay based on spliced-leader gene sequence (Ventura et al 2001). Details of the African isolates used in this study are as follows : West African T. vivax Y486 from Nigeria (Leeflang et al 1976) grown in mice and donated by Dr Théo Baltz (University of Bordeaux, France) and clone ILDat 1.2 derived from T. vivax Y486 ; East African isolate IL3905 from Kenya (Rebeski et al 1999), grown in cell culture and donated by Dr Dierk E. Rebeski (FAO, Austria).…”

Section: Origin Identification and Clinical Features Of Trypanosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

et al. 2006

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S U M M A R YThe taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax are controversial. It is generally suggested that South American, and East and West African isolates could be classified as subspecies or species allied to T. vivax. This is the first phylogenetic study to compare South American isolates (Brazil and Venezuela) with West/East African T. vivax isolates. Phylogeny using ribosomal sequences positioned all T. vivax isolates tightly together on the periphery of the clade containing all Salivarian trypanosomes. The same branching of isolates within T. vivax clade was observed in all inferred phylogenies using different data sets of sequences (SSU, SSU plus 5.8S or whole ITS rDNA). T. vivax from Brazil, Venezuela and West Africa (Nigeria) were closely related corroborating the West African origin of South American T. vivax, whereas a large genetic distance separated these isolates from the East African isolate (Kenya) analysed. Brazilian isolates from cattle asymptomatic or showing distinct pathology were highly homogeneous. This study did not disclose significant polymorphism to separate West African and South American isolates into different species/subspecies and indicate that the complexity of T. vivax in Africa and of the whole subgenus Trypanosoma (Duttonella) might be higher than previously believed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Origin Identification and Clinical Features Of Trypanosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

et al. 2006

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“…It has been suggested that T.vivax in rodents would be able to absorb hos~ proteins on its outer membrane, which would enhance its infectivity for mice after inoculation with ruminant serum (Leeflang and Peri4, 1978;Desowitz, 1963;Ketteridge, 1971 (De Gee, 1978, personal communication). Infectivity and virulence for rats and rabbits is reported to be less than for mice (Leeflang et al 1976b). …”

Section: Tsetse Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A review of studies on three mouse-infectiveT. vivax strains

Zwart¹

1979

Vet Res Commun

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Zwart, D., ]979. A review of studies on three mouse-infective T. vivax strains.Vet. Sci. ,un.,.The literature is reviewed of three strains of T.vivax which retained their characteristics of T.vivax after serial passage through mice. These mouse infective (m.i.) strains were used to study the surface coat of T.vivax, antigenic variation and behaviour in rodents and ruminants.The m.i.T.vivax Y58 was mildly virulent for ruminants, causing a hemolytic anaemia, thrombi and in the more chronic stage a myocarditis with extravascular parasites. The relation between bradykinin levels, parasitaemia, fever, pulse rate and forestomach motility was not clear. The fall in serotonin levels was caused by thrombocyte aggregation, followed by release, degradation and/or reuptake of the serotonin, No systematic role could be attributed to the released serotonin. Some of the strains have been tested for their drug susceptibility, whereby dose rates higher than generally recommended had to be used in order to clear the animals completely from the parasites.

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The effect of isometamidium chloride onTrypanosoma vivax occurring within the insect vector (Glossina)

Agu

1984

Z. Parasitenkd.

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The effect of chemoprophylaxis on developing and mature Trypanosoma vivax in Glossina tachinoides and G. palpalis palpalis was evaluated. Newly emerged G. tachinoides and G.p. palpalis flies were infected with T. vivax by allowing them to feed on parasitaemic animals. Three experiments were conducted and in each the flies were divided into two groups. One group of infected flies was fed on animals treated 1 day previously with isometamidium (1 mg/kg body wt. in a 4% soln.) after which the surviving flies were dissected and examined for trypanosomes. The other group was fed on untreated animals. Out of a total number of 123 flies which fed on treated animals, none were found to be infected, while 51 of 127 flies which fed on untreated animals were infected. It was concluded that prophylactic treatment of animals with isometamidium would eliminate T. vivax infections from the insect vector. The potential significance of this finding in the control of trypanosomiasis in the field is discussed.

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Studies on Trypanosoma vivax: The infectivity of cyclically and mechanically transmitted ruminant infections for mice and rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

A review of studies on three mouse-infectiveT. vivax strains

The effect of isometamidium chloride onTrypanosoma vivax occurring within the insect vector (Glossina)

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