Study of 3D printing direction and effects of heat treatment on mechanical properties of MS1 maraging steel

Monková, Katarína; Zetková, Ivana; Kučerová, Ludmila; Zetek, Miroslav; Monka, Peter; Daňa, Milan

doi:10.1007/s00419-018-1389-3

Cited by 59 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Croccolo et al [18], who investigated the dependence of build orientation relative to the build plane (0 • , 45 • , and 90 • ) on the high-cycle fatigue life of EOS M280 produced MS1 specimens in the aged (6h at 490 • C) condition only, found no substantial difference on the fatigue properties. Recently, Monkova et al [17] examined the tensile properties of EOS MS1 fabricated at 0 • , 45 • , and 90 • , and contrary to the EOS published MDS [11] they observed no significant orientation dependence in the tensile stress-strain behaviour for as-built, solution heat-treated (1h at 820 • C), and aged (6h at 490 • C) material. Other available test-data is mainly limited to static testing (tensile, and/or hardness) of maraging steel 300 fabricated in one [19,14,7,20,6,21,22,3,23,24], or two [25,26,12,16,27] of the primary AM build orientations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As indicated by EOS in the MS1 material data sheet (MDS) [11], the material becomes isotropic following application of a specified aging heat-treatment (6h at 490 • C), however, the MDS is not sufficient to characterize the material performance for engineering designs and products, since it covers only the primary build orientations (0 • , 90 • ), and comes from a single source (EOS). The effectiveness of both the AM fabrication and heat-treatment procedure can only be measured by the extent to which the as-built and treated component behaves under mechanical loading, yet very limited published research [17,18] exists concerning the build orientation influence on mechanical behaviour of AM-produced maraging steel 300. Croccolo et al [18], who investigated the dependence of build orientation relative to the build plane (0 • , 45 • , and 90 • ) on the high-cycle fatigue life of EOS M280 produced MS1 specimens in the aged (6h at 490 • C) condition only, found no substantial difference on the fatigue properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plastic anisotropy of additively manufactured maraging steel: Influence of the build orientation and heat treatments

Mooney

Kourousis

Raghavendra

2019

Additive Manufacturing

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This experimental study investigates the combined effect of the three primary Additive Manufacturing (AM) build orientations (0 • , 45 • , and 90 •) and an extensive array of heat treatment plans on the plastic anisotropy of maraging steel 300 (MS1) fabricated on the EOSINT M280 Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) system. The alloy's microstructure, hardness, tensile properties and plastic strain behaviour have been examined for various strengthening heattreatment plans to assess the influence of the time and temperature combinations on plastic anisotropy and mechanical properties (e.g. strength, ductility). A comprehensive visual representation of the material's overall mechanical properties, for all three AM build orientations, against the various heat treatment plans is offered through time-temperature contour maps. Considerable plastic anisotropy has been confirmed in the as-built condition, which can be reduced by aging heat-treatment, as verified in this study. However, it has identified that a degree of transverse strain anisotropy is likely to remain due to the AM alloy's fabrication history, a finding that has not been previously reported in the literature. Moreover, the heat treatment plan (6h at 490 • C) recommended by the DMLS system manufacturer has been found not to be the optimal in terms of achieving high strength, hardness, ductility and low anisotropy for the MS1 material. With the use of the comprehensive experimental data collected and analysed in this study, and presented in the constructed contour maps, the alloy's heat treatment parameters (time, temperature) can be tailored to meet the desired strength/ductility/anisotropy design requirements, either for research or part production purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic anisotropy of additively manufactured maraging steel: Influence of the build orientation and heat treatments

Mooney

Kourousis

Raghavendra

2019

Additive Manufacturing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Croccolo et al [82], who investigated the dependence of build orientation relative to the build plane (0 • , 45 • , and 90 • ) on the high cycle fatigue life of EOS M280 produced MS1 specimens in the aged (6 h at 490 • C) condition only, found no substantial difference on the fatigue properties. Monkova et al [81] examined the tensile properties of EOS MS1 fabricated at 0 • , 45 • , and 90 • , and contrary to the EOS published MDS [55] they observed no significant orientation dependence in the tensile stress-strain behaviour for as-built, solution heat-treated (1 h at 820 • C), and aged (6 h at 490 • C) material.…”

Section: Build Orientation and Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The effectiveness of both the L-PBF fabrication and heat-treatment process can only be measured by the extent to which the as-built and heat-treated component behaves under mechanical loading. However, limited published research exists to date concerning the build orientation influence on mechanical behaviour of AM produced maraging steel 300 [66,[81][82][83][84][85]. Croccolo et al [82], who investigated the dependence of build orientation relative to the build plane (0 • , 45 • , and 90 • ) on the high cycle fatigue life of EOS M280 produced MS1 specimens in the aged (6 h at 490 • C) condition only, found no substantial difference on the fatigue properties.…”

Section: Build Orientation and Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Factors Affecting the Mechanical Properties of Maraging Steel 300 Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Mooney

Kourousis

2020

Metals

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Maraging steel is an engineering alloy which has been widely employed in metal additive manufacturing. This paper examines manufacturing and post-processing factors affecting the properties of maraging steel fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). It covers the review of published research findings on how powder quality feedstock, processing parameters, laser scan strategy, build orientation and heat treatment can influence the microstructure, density and porosity, defects and residual stresses developed on L-PBF maraging steel, with a focus on the maraging steel 300 alloy. This review offers an evaluation of the resulting mechanical properties of the as-built and heat-treated maraging steel 300, with a focus on anisotropic characteristics. Possible directions for further research are also identified.

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“…The same truss has been designed in software Robot Structural Analysis due to the fact that software uses the Building Information Model technology, which now belongs to the most progressive and fastest evolving methods of complex model of the structures [8]. The system allows to create models of different types of constructions such as Frame 2D and 3D design, Volumetric Structure Design, Grillage Design, Shell Design, Building Design, etc.…”

Section: Static Analysis Of a Tower Crane 21 Verification Of Boundarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary analysis of tower crane as a type of truss structure

Hric¹,

Tkac²,

Matisková³

et al. 2019

MATEC Web Conf.

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Truss structures are part not only technical practice but also our everyday life. It is very important to be designed safely. One of the tools that help a designer to avoid errors and to make the right decisions about a structure material, beam profile, shape of rod construction, etc. is virtual analysis. The article deals with the preliminary study of tower crane, which can be considered as the truss structure. Various types of structures are described in the introduction. The main part of the article is devoted to static analysis of the crane. The physical 3D model was prepared in reduced scale according to standards of European model trains NEM (Normen Europäischer Modellbahnen). Axial forces, stresses in beams, as well as the maximum possible load have been specified by analytical method. The strain analysis of crane has shown that the primary design of the structure was not acceptable and the construction would not be able to lift up required weight. Results were verified by virtual simulation in software Robot Structural Analysis. Therefore, the truss was reinforced by additional bars and newly remodelled tower crane has been tested to specify the maximum load of external weight.

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Study of 3D printing direction and effects of heat treatment on mechanical properties of MS1 maraging steel

Cited by 59 publications

References 15 publications

Plastic anisotropy of additively manufactured maraging steel: Influence of the build orientation and heat treatments

Plastic anisotropy of additively manufactured maraging steel: Influence of the build orientation and heat treatments

A Review of Factors Affecting the Mechanical Properties of Maraging Steel 300 Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Preliminary analysis of tower crane as a type of truss structure

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