Study of acute and subacute toxicity parameters of “Rybokhin” biological product on the model of carp

Abstract

The goal of the work was to study of acute and subacute toxicity parameters of “Rybokhin” biological product (AI – chloroquine refer to derivatives 4-aminohinolines) on the model of carp. This drug is effective in the treatment of diseases caused by parasitic Protozoa and Monogenea. Carp scales of two years old were used in experiments. To determine acute toxicity, the fish were prescribed with chloroquine (by AI) in doses of 100; 200; 300; 400; 500; 600; 800; 1000 mg/kg of live weight. Two experimental and control fish groups of 30 individuals each were formed to determine subacute toxicity of “Rybokhin”. Experimental groups of fish were prescribed with “Rybokhin” in a dose (by AI) of 50 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg for two consecutive days. Blood samples were collected from six fish species from each group for clinical and biochemical indicators after 48 hours, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The hemoglobin content, number of red blood cells and leukocytes blood were determined. The intensity of peroxide oxidation of lipids (PОL), catalase activity, level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total proteins, albumin, globulins and glucose, circulating immune complexes (CІC) and seromucoids concentration, level of enzymatic activity: aspartate transaminase (АSТ), alanine transaminase (АLТ), ά-amylase blood plasma were determined. According to the research results, indicators of acute toxicity for carp were determined, namely LD50 of chloroquine is 528.66 ± 68.01 mg/kg; LD16 – 224.512 mg/kg; LD84 – 832.81 mg/kg; LD100 – 984.89 mg/kg, which indicate that the drug is low-toxic to fish (belongs to the fourth group of toxicity). When administrating of 50.0 mg/kg of “Rybokhin” (by AI) twice a day, the most expressed metabolic changes in fish body were observed on 21 day after its last administration. Thus, the drug’s toxic impact is in proteinogram alteration, transamination processes and in decreasing of fish immune reactivity. It points to the prevalence of catalytic processes over anabolic. Metabolic alterations are obviously directed to the activation of detoxication processes with increased energy use in fish body after getting of higher dosage of the product. So, on 28 day of experiment, the major part of studied parameters retrieved to control level. It was found that when the product was administrated twice a day in the dosage 10.0 mg/kg (by AI), which is used for treatment of parasitic diseases, no reliable changes of clinical and biochemical indices were detected in fish blood during the experiment.