The solid-state diffusion of Al in ZnTe through an Al oxide layer was examined for the fabrication of ZnTe-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). By changing the thickness of the Al oxide layer deposited on a clean ZnTe surface, the Al concentration at the surface of ZnTe can be adjusted. The excellent uniformity of the diffusion depth of Al was obtained by using the Al oxide layer, in contrast to the previous oxide layer prepared by O radical irradiation. Current–voltage (I–V) characteristics and the output power of ZnTe LED can be controlled by the thickness of the Al oxide layer. The maximum output power obtained was as high as 18 µW under a forward current density of 8 A/cm2 in spite of a strong self-absorption effect. Therefore, the Al oxide layer can be used as a good diffusion-limiting layer for fabricating ZnTe LEDs by thermal diffusion.