Study of an On-board Fuel Reformer and Hydrogen-Added EGR Combustion in a Gasoline Engine

Ashida, Koichi; Maeda, Hirofumi; Araki, Takashi; Hoshino, Maki; Hiraya, Koji; Izumi, Takao; Yasuoka, Masayuki

doi:10.4271/2015-01-0902

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A variety of concepts for producing syngas via onboard fuel reforming have been proposed. 17,53–55 Among these systems is the dedicated EGR engine—an advanced SI engine, which has been integrated into a demonstration vehicle. 56–58 The key feature of this engine is that it has been modified so that one cylinder continuously runs rich, to generate reformate gas (primarily CO and H 2 ) that recirculates through an EGR cooler and back to the intake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Marsh

Voice

2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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In this work, a simple methodology was implemented to predict the onset of knock in spark-ignition engines and quantify the benefits of two practical knock mitigation strategies: cooled exhaust gas recirculation and syngas blending. Based on the results of this study, both cooled exhaust gas recirculation and the presence of syngas constituents in the end-gas substantially improved the knock-limited compression ratio of the engine. At constant load, 25% exhaust gas recirculation increased the knock-limited compression ratio from 9.0 to 10.8:1 (0.07 compression ratio per 1% exhaust gas recirculation) due to lower end-gas temperature and reactant (fuel and oxygen) concentrations. At exhaust gas recirculation rates above 43%, higher intake temperature outweighed the benefits of lower end-gas reactant concentration. At constant intake temperature, cooled exhaust gas recirculation was significantly more effective at all exhaust gas recirculation rates (0.10 compression ratio per 1% exhaust gas recirculation), and no diminishing returns or optimum was observed. Both hydrogen and carbon monoxide were also predicted to improve knock by reducing end-gas reactivity, likely through the conversion of high-reactivity hydroxy-radicals to less reactive peroxy-radicals. Hydrogen increased the knock-limited compression ratio by 1.1 per volume percent added at constant energy content. Carbon monoxide was less effective, increasing the knock-limited compression ratio by 0.38 per volume percent added. Combining 25% cooled exhaust gas recirculation with reformate produced from rich combustion at an equivalence ratio of 1.3 resulted in a predicted increase in the knock-limited compression ratio of 3.5, which agreed well with the published experimental engine data. The results show the extent to which syngas blending and cooled exhaust gas recirculation each contribute separately to knock mitigation and demonstrate that both can be effective knock mitigation strategies. Together, these solutions have the potential to increase the compression ratio and efficiency of spark-ignition engines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of concepts for producing syngas via onboard fuel reforming have been proposed. 17,[53][54][55] Among these Figure 11. Ignition delay values for a gasoline surrogate (57/ 16/23/4 vol.% i-octane/n-heptane/toluene/2-pentene) 43 with syngas addition as a function of temperature.…”

Section: Evaluation Of a Practical Onboard Reforming Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Marsh

Voice

2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Further, the combustion of H 2 produces only water which makes this technique environment-friendly. [16,17] In H 2 -SCR, noble metals (Pt, Pd, Ir, and Rh) supported on transition metal oxides dissociates NO and H 2 at relatively low temperatures (T < 200°C). [18][19][20] The combination of the noble metal with transition metal oxide has shown improved performance for NO x reduction by H 2 -SCR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H 2 can be produced on board by fuel reforming. Further, the combustion of H 2 produces only water which makes this technique environment‐friendly …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supports materialization of Pd based catalysts for NO_x removal by hydrogen assisted selective catalytic reduction in the presence of oxygen

Patel

Sharma

2020

ChemCatChem

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The Pt and Pd based bimetallic catalyst are developed to address the NO x reduction activity. For this, a series of supports containing three different amounts of CeO 2 À MgO (9 : 1, 3 : 1, and 3 : 2) are prepared by the co-precipitation method, followed by impregnation of Pd metal precursors. The physicochemical properties of the catalytic system are investigated using various techniques such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, and H 2-TPR. Among all, Pd/CeO 2 À MgO (3 : 1) gave the best NO x reduction activity. Furthermore, the effects of hydrogen concentration (0.2-0.8 vol %) on NO x reduction were tested. It was found that 0.8 vol % of H 2 shows the highest NO x conversion. Subsequently, the successive impregnation of Pt metal over Pd based catalyst enhanced the catalytic properties. The bimetallic PtÀ Pd/ CeO 2 À MgO (3 : 1) catalyst showed an 89 % NO x reduction with about 97 % N 2 selectivity in broad temperature windows (100-300°C).

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“…In relation to hydrogen production, different authors [6][7][8][9][10] showed that it is possible to produce hydrogen employing different techniques from hydrocarbons, for example: steam reforming, partial oxidation, and exhaust gas fuel reforming on-board. However, the above techniques produce high levels of CO and CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Scheme Formulation for the Production of Hydrogen on Demand to Feed an Internal Combustion Engine

et al. 2016

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Abstract:In this work, a control strategy is presented to produce hydrogen on demand to feed an internal combustion (IC) engine. For this purpose, the modeling of the IC engine fueled by gasoline blended with 10% v/v of anhydrous ethanol (E10) and hydrogen as an additive is developed. It is considered that the hydrogen gas is produced according to the IC engine demand, and that the hydrogen gas is obtained by an alkaline electrolyzer. The gasoline-ethanol blend added into the combustion chamber is determined according to the stoichiometric ratio and the production of hydrogen gas is regulated by a proportional and integral controller (P.I.). The controller reference is varying according to the mass flow air induced into the cylinder, in order to ensure an adequate production of hydrogen gas for any operating condition of the IC engine. The main contribution of this work is the control scheme developed, through simulation, in order to produce hydrogen on demand for any operating point of an internal combustion engine fueled by an E10 blend. The simulation results showed that the use of hydrogen gas as an additive in an E10 blend decreases the E10 fuel consumption 23% on average, and the thermal efficiency is increased approximately 2.13%, without brake power loss in the IC engine.

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Study of an On-board Fuel Reformer and Hydrogen-Added EGR Combustion in a Gasoline Engine

Cited by 28 publications

References 2 publications

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Supports materialization of Pd based catalysts for NO_x removal by hydrogen assisted selective catalytic reduction in the presence of oxygen

Control Scheme Formulation for the Production of Hydrogen on Demand to Feed an Internal Combustion Engine

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Study of an On-board Fuel Reformer and Hydrogen-Added EGR Combustion in a Gasoline Engine

Cited by 28 publications

References 2 publications

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Supports materialization of Pd based catalysts for NOx removal by hydrogen assisted selective catalytic reduction in the presence of oxygen

Control Scheme Formulation for the Production of Hydrogen on Demand to Feed an Internal Combustion Engine

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Supports materialization of Pd based catalysts for NO_x removal by hydrogen assisted selective catalytic reduction in the presence of oxygen