Study of androgenesis and spontaneous chromosome doubling in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes using isolated microspore culture

Abstract

This research aimed to study the androgenesis and spontaneous chromosome doubling of five barley genotypes using an isolated in vitro microspore culture technique, involving a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Statistical analysis of embryogenesis and cytogenetic results showed that genotype had a significant effect on haploid embryogenesis (P<0.01) and on spontaneous chromosome doubling (P<0.05). The genotype Igri was found to have the highest potential to produce haploid embryos (1577 embryos from 100 anthers), followed by the genotypes Boyer/Rojo, Afzal/Turkman/Kavir, Ashar/Hebo and Agrigashar/Matico with 369, 304, 278 and 150 embryos from 100 anthers, respectively. The highest percentage of spontaneous chromosome doubling (76%) was observed for the genotype which had the lowest embryogenesis (Agrigashar/Matico) and the lowest (65%) for the genotype with the highest androgenic capacity (Igri). Microspore embryogenesis also showed comparatively higher genotypic (109.2) and phenotypic (109.5) coefficients of variation, heritability (99.62) and genetic advance (1206.77), indicating the pre-dominance of additive gene action in the control of this character in the material studied. Estimates of genetic parameters (PCV, GCV and heritability) for microspore embryogenesis were higher than for spontaneous doubled haploids. These results indicated that selection for androgenic capacity would be more effective than for spontaneous doubled haploids. The findings showed a negative relationship (r= -0.68) between embryogenesis and spontaneous chromosome doubling in the barley genotypes studied. All the large embryos used had high regenerability and good plantlet formation.

Application of photochemical parameters and several indices based on phenotypical traits to assess intraspecific variation of oat (Avena sativa L.) tolerance to drought

“…Plant breeders are interested in screening techniques allowing to select drought-resistant and drought-sensitive cereal genotypes (Kahrizi and Mohammadi 2009;Kahrizi et al 2011). Oat doubled haploids (DH) are one of the technologies currently being used in the programs aimed at developing new varieties with a combination of desirable traits in a shorter time frame.…”

Isolated microspore culture techniques and recent progress for haploid and doubled haploid plant production

“…If spontaneous doubling does not occur or occurs at a low frequency, the haploid plants will need to be treated with a doubling agent in order to produce fertile, homozygous, DH plants. A recent report (Kahrizi and Mohammadi, 2009) showed differences between genotypes of barley with regard to spontaneous chromosome doubling, and interestingly, also showed a negative relationship between embryogenesis and spontaneous chromosome doubling. Chromosome doubling methodologies are discussed in another review article in this journal issue.…”

Induced Androgenic Embryogenesis in Cereals

“…In a research an experiment was conducted to determine the responses of five barley genotypes to androgenic embryogenesis and spontaneous chromosome doubling (Kahrizi and Mohammadi, 2009). For study on effect of genotype upon androgenesis, after microspore culture, the number of embryos per 100 used anthers was measured.…”

“…In cytogenetic section of Kahrizi and Mohammadi (2009) research focused on chromosome doubling of haploids without applying any antimitotic agent as well as effect of genotype upon chromosome doubling was studied.…”