Study of Antibacterial Activity of Gentamicin-Cetirizine on Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) cause a wide range of infections in individuals; they are common nosocomial infections that have recently become difficult to treat because of the increased emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The present study aimed to determine and compare the minimum inhibitory concentration of gentamicin alone and in combination with cetirizine against Escherichia coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients with UTI.Materials & Methods: This study was performed on 76 E. coli strains isolated from a total of 103 samples of patients admitted to three hospitals in Gonbad-e Kavus. Kirby Bauer disk diffusion and broth microdilution tests were used to determine antibiotic susceptibility and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin alone and in combination with cetirizine according to CLSI M100-S25 (2015) criteria. Findings: Evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration of gentamicin-cetirizine combination against E. coli isolates showed that none were able to grow at a concentration of 8 µg/mL. The concentration of gentamicin in combination with cetirizine, inhibiting 90% of E. coli isolates (MIC 90 ), was 4 μg/mL, which was 16 times lower than that of gentamicin alone (MIC 90 = 64 μg/mL) (p=.02). Conclusion:Gentamicin in combination with cetirizine was found to be more potent in inhibiting E. coli isolates than gentamicin alone. Therefore, the results of this study could provide a clear perspective for dealing with drug-resistant pathogens.

The Impact of Gold Nanoparticle Susceptibility on Drug Resistance Phenotypes in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

“…Antibiotic resistance in bacteria can develop through various mechanisms, including the acquisition of drug-resistant genes through chromosomal alterations, plasmid transfer, or genetic mutations. This phenomenon has given rise to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) clinical strains, particularly prevalent in low-and middle-income countries [6]. Strains of E. coli are classified as MDR when they exhibit non-susceptibility to one or more antibiotics belonging to a minimum of three distinct antibiotic classes.…”

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Solution for Controlling the Growth of Gentamicin-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

“…Most UTIs are usually harmless and not serious; however, misdiagnosis or delay in treatment could lead to serious complications, such as urinary tract disorders, hypertension, uremia, preterm delivery, or even miscarriage in pregnant women. Studies in different communities have shown that Gram-negative bacilli are the most common etiological causes of UTIs, among which Escherichia coli accounts for more than 80% of UTIs [1,2] . Proper treatment of UTIs is based on the selection of a suitable and highly effective antibiotic.…”